Statistical modelling of turbidity removal applied to non-toxic natural coagulants in water treatment: a case study

Abstract

An investigation into two non-toxic natural coagulants abundantly growing in different countries, cactus (Opuntia spp.) and okra was performed on monthly river water samples (one-year period). The studied case was the Euphrates river/Al-Mashroo canal/Iraq. Six statistical models were interpreted and tested describing the residual turbidity after Coagulation-Flocculation for the three studied cases (Optimum-Coagulant-Dose, Optimum-Flocculator-Velocity-Gradient and Optimum-Flocculation-Time). According to the environmental parameters recorded during the study and the statistical analyses, two facts were concluded. The first fact was that controlling the Optimum-Flocculator-Velocity-Gradient of the Coagulation-Flocculation process gave the highest contribution ratio of the models. The second fact was that the most significant environmental parameter (statistically) in the Coagulation-Flocculation process was the initial turbidity. This was proved for the two natural coagulants under study. Also, from the results of the study, it was concluded that the two natural coagulants were of similar coagulation-flocculation properties, and they were competent for turbidity removal.

Optimization of active coagulant agent extraction method from Moringa Oleifera seeds for municipal wastewater treatment

“…In the last decades, a large list of polymers has been used in the coagulation/flocculation process for coagulant concentrations optimization, reduction of sludge volume and ionic load of wastewater, and for cost purposes (Gao et al 2002;Gao et al 2003;Debora Peruço Theodoro et al 2013). However, many natural-based coagulants are environmentally friendly and biodegradable, with good coagulating ability (Muthuraman & Sasikala 2014;Kumar et al 2017;Al-Saati et al 2019;Ang & Mohammad 2020). In recent years, several studies were conducted on different plant materials that can be used as sources of natural coagulants (Abidin et al 2013;Bouchareb et al 2020).…”

Energy efficient electrocoagulation using baffle-plates electrodes for efficient Escherichia coli removal from wastewater

“…Though water treatment industry has recently witnessed a remarkable progress, water pollution has also significantly increased because of the rapid growth of both global population and industrial activities [1][2][3]. It is undeniable fact that the available water resource are polluted with a wide spectrum of pollutants that could cause different health problems [4,5].…”

MgAl-LDH-biochar composites as a green sorbent for lead removal from water

“…At the same time, the literature shows many proposed solutions to each one of these dilemmas. For example, a broad spectrum of treatment methods was used to minimize or eliminate water/wastewater pollution, such as electrocoagulation (Hashim et al, 2020b), adsorption (Alyafei et al, 2020), bio-reactors (Khalid et al, 2020a), membranes and chemical precipitations (Al-Saati et al, 2019). In terms of MSW, many solutions were suggested to minimize its impacts on the environment, these solutions mainly focused on the recycle, reuse, sort, incineration, and disposal into landfills (Idowu, Atherton, Alo & Shaw, 2019).…”