Statistical Multivariate Methods for the Selection of High-Yielding Rapeseed Lines with Varied Seed Coat Color

Abstract

A crucial aim for rapeseed breeders is increasing the seed yield through improving yield- and silique-related traits. In this research, traits including the number of seeds per silique, silique length, silique width, and thousand-seed weight combined with seed coat color were investigated. Yellow-seeded lines of oilseed rape have a thinner seed coat, lower fiber content, and higher protein and oil content than traditional varieties. Hybrids of yellow- and black-seeded Brassica napus, which combine the advantages of both types of seeds, are tested for their suitability in breeding. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess a population of 78 doubled haploid lines with different seed coat colors to select genotypes connecting a light color of seeds with good yielding characteristics. Multivariate methods such as analysis of variance, correlation analysis, regression analysis, canonical variate analysis, Mahalanobis distances, and estimation of gene effects were used. The results showed that all tested genotypes were significantly different regarding all five studied traits. The multidimensional analyses gave an accurate overview of the relationship between the examined features. The color and weight of seeds were considered the most important for breeding rapeseed with better seed properties. Although a negative correlation between these two characteristics occurs quite commonly, it was not present in our plant material, which allowed us to select lines with a-light seed color and high thousand-seed weight, which is a significant achievement. As a result, two doubled haploid lines were chosen as valuable breeding material for creating oilseed rape varieties with improved biochemical characteristics of seeds.

Rapeseed Seed Coat Color Classification Based on the Visibility Graph Algorithm and Hyperspectral Technique

“…When the sample size is sufficient and relatively balanced, theoretically, a more accurate identification of a greater range of colors can be achieved by selecting more calibrated colors. Hyperspectral analysis is a key technology and method for achieving high-throughput analysis of crops [1,58,[62][63][64][65].…”

“…In general, yellow rapeseed has a thinner seed coat, a lower percentage of hulls, and a larger embryo compared to other colors. Research indicates that rapeseeds with a more yellowish and lighter color tend to have higher oil content, as well as higher levels of oleic and linoleic acids, while also exhibiting higher protein content and lower fiber content [1,2]. Since the color of the rapeseed coat is controlled by its corresponding gene, it has become an important trait for breeding.…”

“…The classification of rapeseed seed coat color through manual observation or a magnifying glass. (2) The use of instruments, including colorimeters, color analyzers, and other instruments to measure and analyze colors [1]. (3) Spectral analysis methods.…”

Germplasm Resources Exploration and Genetic Breeding of Crops

“…The Special Issue "Germplasm Resources Exploration and Genetic Breeding of Crops" was planned to cover all aspects of the characterization of crop genetic resources and their applications in breeding, as well as genetics research and molecular breeding, including gene/QTL detection or gene functional analysis in crops. In our Special Issue, we have united 16 papers addressing various aspects around the topic of plant genetic resources, including quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping/gene discovery [2,3], genetic diversity/variation [4][5][6][7][8][9], breeding products [9][10][11][12][13], and genetic resource profiles for crops [14][15][16].…”

“…Finally, Łopaty ńska et al [14] assessed double haploid oilseed rape lines with varied seed coat color and selected valuable breeding material connecting a light color of seeds with high yielding. Based on the obtained results, the authors concluded that the most crucial factors in breeding rapeseed with improved seed properties are seed weight and color.…”