Statistical normality and homogeneity of a 71-year rainfall dataset for the state of Rio de Janeiro—Brazil

Góis, Givanildo de; Oliveira‐Júnior, José Francisco de; Silva, Carlos Antônio da; Sobral, Bruno Serafini; Terassi, Paulo Miguel de Bodas; Leonel, Antonio Herbete Sousa

doi:10.1007/s00704-020-03270-9

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The regions with the lowest totals of rainfall have simpler topography, mainly lowlands and coastal plains, reducing the effect of the orography on rainfall. On the other hand, regions with the highest values of rainfall are those influenced by the local topography of the mountain ranges located on the state, such as Mantiqueira Mountains and Serra do Mar (Brito et al ., 2017; Sobral et al ., 2018b; Gois et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desertification susceptibility over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on aridity indices and geoprocessing

Bohn

Lyra

Oliveira‐Júnior

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Desertification is a serious threat to human development and sustainability. This process is characterized by land degradation over areas with dry sub-humid, semiarid and arid climate. In this work, climate susceptibility to desertification was identified for the state of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ), Brazil, the third most populated state in the country. The state is characterized by complex topography, and diverse climate and land uses. Two formulations for the aridity index were used: I a , defined by Thornthwaite (1948, Geographical Review, 38(1), 55-94) and Penman (1953, Horticultural Congress, 2, 913-924), and D, a modification of I a by Hare (1983, Climate and Desertification: A Revised Analysis, Geneva: World Meteorological Organization). Both estimates of the aridity require annual rainfall and potential evapotranspiration, which were calculated from the climatological water balance using times series of rainfall and air temperature (1961-2010) from 98 stations over the SRJ. Annual rainfall, evapotranspiration, water deficit and the aridity indices were then spatially interpolated over a 5 × 5-km grid using a spline tension method. Both indices agree on the driest regions of the SRJ: Norte and Baixada Litorânea, near the northern coast, both under sub-humid and semi-arid climate. The index I a indicated susceptibility to desertification over 2,305 km 2 on the Norte and Baixada Litorânea regions, which correspond to 5% of SRJ area; similarly, the index D classified a smaller area over the Norte region under desertification (431 km 2). These subregions, among the others also considered in this study, are of great importance for the agricultural, forestry and tourism industries and contribute immensely to the economic development of the state. Hence, the evaluation of susceptibility to desertification in those areas is essential to help prevent further land degradation and support policies formulation on long-term sustainable management of land and water resources, especially under regional and global climate change scenarios. The methodology used in this work can be applied to studies of desertification in other regions of the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desertification susceptibility over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on aridity indices and geoprocessing

Bohn

Lyra

Oliveira‐Júnior

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“… For new cases and new deaths, the 7-day moving average for the period under analysis was calculated and the modified Mann-Kendall (MK) test was applied to verify whether the fluctuations around the average show trends. The MK test is a non-parametric trend verification test that consists of testing the null hypothesis of stationarity in the time series (Gois et al, 2020) (24). For a time series, the Mann-Kendal (S) statistic is defined by: Where x i is the i-th observation, x k is the k-ésima observation, immediately after the i-th observation and n is the number of elements in the time series.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pettitt’s statistics account for the number of exceedances in which the value of the first sample exceeds that of the second sample. The null hypothesis of the test is that there is no breaking point in the data series (Gois et al, 2020) (24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal analysis between the incidence of COVID-19 and human development in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Souza

Abreu

Oliveira‐Júnior

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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ObjetiveTo analyze the spatial distribution of the Covid-19 incidence and its correlation with the municipal human development index (IDHM) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil.MethodsThis is an ecological, exploratory and analytical study whose units of analysis were the 79 municipalities that make up the state of MS. Covid-19 incidence coefficients, death numbers, lethality rate, mortality rate and Human Development Index for municipalities (IDHM) in the period from March 2020 to December 31, 2020 were used. spatial correlations between the variables mentioned above.ResultsThe incidence of Covid-19 has spatial dependence with moderate positive correlation and formation of clusters located in the Metropolitan Region of Campo Grande (RMCG) and municipalities in the region.ConclusionThe uneven mapping of Covid-19 and its relationship with IDHM in the Ministry of Health can contribute to actions to address the regional pandemic.

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“…Furthermore, the comparison test of two means, such as t-test or Mann-Whitney, was applied to compare the MRS of male and female students in trigonometry topics (Fay & Proschan, 2010;McElduff et al, 2010;De Winter & Dodou, 2010). The assumption tests such as the data normality and homogeneity tests were checked to establish the comparison test of two means used (de Gois et al, 2020;Gorbunova & Lemeshko, 2012;Rasch, Kubinger, & Moder, 2011). To analyze the result of the MRS, Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 21 software were used as the tools.…”

Section: Proposing a Conjecture No Answermentioning

confidence: 99%

Male and female students' mathematical reasoning skills in solving trigonometry problems

Suparman

Jupri

Musdi

et al. 2021

BetaJTM

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[English]: Several studies have examined mathematical reasoning skills (MRS) of male and female students in various mathematics topics. However, there were still not many studies, which focus on MRS in trigonometry topics in terms of gender perspectives. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to describe and compare the MRS of male and female students in solving trigonometry problems. This study involved secondary school students who were given an MRS test. The test has been validated theoretically and empirically. The results of the test were classified using the rubric of MRS achievement and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test or t-test. The results revealed that the overall MRS of male and female students was low. The students lacked skills in finding a relationship pattern, proposing a conjecture, and generalizing the statement, but they had moderate skills in verifying the truth of an argument. Furthermore, the male and female students were not significantly different in the aspects of MRS. The findings provide important starting points to enhance students' MRS in the teaching and learning of trigonometry. [Bahasa]: Beberapa studi sudah dilakukan untuk menguji kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa laki-laki dan perempuan di berbagai topik matematika. Namun, studi-studi yang fokus pada kemampuan penalaran matematis di topik trigonometri ditinjau dari perspektif gender masih belum banyak. Penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan membandingkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa laki-laki dan perempuan dalam menyelesaikan masalah-masalah trigonometri. Studi ini melibatkan siswa sekolah menengah yang diberi tes kemampuan penalaran matematis. Tes tersebut sudah divalidasi secara teoritis dan empiris. Hasil tes tersebut dikategorikan menggunakan rubrik capaian penalaran matematis dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney atau uji t. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa laki-laki dan perempuan belum tinggi. Siswa tersebut kurang mampu dalam menemukan pola hubungan, mengajukan dugaan, dan mengeneralisasi pernyataan, tetapi mereka memiliki kemampuan yang sedang dalam memverifikasi kebenaran suatu argumen. Selanjutnya, siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan tidak berbeda secara signifikan dalam aspek kemampuan penalaran matematis. Temuan ini memberikan titik awal yang penting untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam pembelajaran trigonometri.

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Statistical normality and homogeneity of a 71-year rainfall dataset for the state of Rio de Janeiro—Brazil

Cited by 30 publications

References 51 publications

Desertification susceptibility over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on aridity indices and geoprocessing

Desertification susceptibility over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on aridity indices and geoprocessing

Spatio-temporal analysis between the incidence of COVID-19 and human development in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Male and female students' mathematical reasoning skills in solving trigonometry problems

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