Statistical Optimization of Culture Conditions for Protein Production by a Newly Isolated Morchella fluvialis

Abstract

Morchella fungi are considered a good source of protein. The ITS region was used to identify Morchella isolated in the northern region of Iran. The isolated fungus was very similar to Morchella fluvialis. M. fluvialis was first isolated in Iran. Dried biomass of M. fluvialis contained 9% lipids and 50% polysaccharides. Fatty acid profiles of lipids of M. fluvialis are mainly made up of linoleic acid (C18:2) (62%), followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) (12%). Testosterone (TS) was also detected (0.732 ng/dry weight biomass (DWB)) in the hormone profile of this new isolated species. Then, various protein and carbon sources as variable factors were applied to identify the key substrates, which stimulated protein production using the one-factor-at-a-time method. Key substrates (glucose and soybean) were statistically analyzed to determine the optimum content of the protein and DWB accumulation using response surface methods. The highest protein content (38% DWB) was obtained in the medium containing 80 g/l glucose and 40 g/l soybean powder. Total nutritionally indispensable amino acids and conditionally indispensable amino acids constitute 55.7% crude protein. That is to say, these adequate quantities of essential amino acids in the protein of M. fluvialis make it a good and promising source of essential amino acids for human diet.

Single-cell protein production by Pleurotus ostreatus in submerged fermentation

“…39 In another study, concerning cultivation of Morchella fluvialis for optimization of protein production, it has been concluded that the use of a glucose-medium could lead to a biomass with high protein content. 45…”

“…A study on submerged cultivation of Morchella fluvialis in media containing different nitrogen sources confirmed that organic nitrogen sources seem to favor protein production compared to inorganic ones with yeast extract leading to a biomass of higher protein content compared to ammonium nitrate and urea. 45…”

Valorization of Agro-Industrial Wastes and Residues through the Production of Bioactive Compounds by Macrofungi in Liquid State Cultures: Growing Circular Economy

“…P. sapidus excelled in the screening and produced biomass containing 21% true protein, 4% lipids, and 115 µg/g vitamin D 2 in 4 days [24]. Making use of statistical optimization, Morchella fluvialis mycelium with 38% w/w protein content was produced in liquid culture, deeming it a promising source of essential amino acids for the human diet [122]. Pleurotus species cultivated on agro-industrial by-products produced a total of 22 free amino acids in quantities up to 130.12 mg/g dw plus the neurotransmitter GABA and ornithine [123].…”

Nutritional value evaluation of wild edible mushroom (Helvella leucopus) from western China

“…The crude protein contents of H. leucopus and other mushrooms were determined following the Chinese standard GB 5009.5-2016 (Standards China, 2016) by the Kjeldahl method using an automatic Kjeltec nitrogen analyser (Kjeltec TM 8400, FOSS, Denmark). Their amino acid compositions were determined by ion exchange chromatography with post-column derivatisation (with ninhydrin) using a high-speed amino acid analyser (LA8080, Hitachi, Japan) (Rahgo et al, 2019).…”