Statistical Tests for Hormesis and Effective Dosages in Herbicide Dose Response

Schabenberger, Oliver; Tharp, Brent E.; Kells, James J.; Penner, Donald

doi:10.2134/agronj1999.914713x

Cited by 205 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…All analyses were performed on the data pooled across the two experimental runs as no significant differences were observed between the two runs, based on a sum-of-squares reduction test (Schabenberger et al 1999). Root mean square error (RMSE) values were calculated as…”

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confidence: 99%

Acetolactate Synthase–Inhibitor–Resistant Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): I—Phenotypic Differences

et al. 2015

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Acetolactate synthase (ALS) -inhibitor resistance has been recently documented in a yellow nutsedge biotype in Arkansas rice production, with a target-site mutation resulting in an amino acid substitution from Trp574 to Leu. Preliminary observations have indicated that the resistant biotype showed distinct phenotypic characteristics. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted on the resistant biotype in comparison with three susceptible standards (1) to understand differential growth habit and spatial distribution, and (2) to characterize shoot emergence pattern and seedling vigor. The resistant biotype exhibited a drastically different growth habit with secondary and tertiary basal bulbs emerging away from the parent shoot, resulting in a wider spatial distribution and ground coverage compared to the very compact growth habit of susceptible biotypes. Unlike the susceptible biotypes, the rhizomes developing into tubers were not often connected to the primary basal bulb, but were originating randomly from daughter shoots. The resistant biotype produced an extensive subterranean network of rhizomes and basal bulbs, with wider root spread and distribution compared to the susceptible biotypes. The growth habit of the resistant biotype appeared to be intermediate between yellow and purple nutsedges. Further, the resistant biotype showed a considerably delayed emergence pattern with relatively high levels of tuber dormancy. Although the resistant plants exhibited low early-growth seedling vigor and biomass production compared to the susceptible biotypes (perhaps because of smaller tubers), final aboveground biomass production was greater than that of susceptible biotypes. The overall growth habit and phenotype of the resistant biotype may provide a competitive advantage over adjacent species through the ability to occupy niches and gain improved access to critical resources. The distinct growth pattern may also mean that tillage should not be relied upon for control because it can assist further spread by disconnecting and displacing the chains of rhizomes. Nomenclature: Yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L.; purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L.; rice, Oryza sativa L.

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confidence: 99%

Acetolactate Synthase–Inhibitor–Resistant Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): I—Phenotypic Differences

et al. 2015

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“…For the association of this same dose with phosphite, it was verified significant reduction of plant height, around 54% in relation to the check, evidencing high levels of phytotoxicity. Several papers demonstrate stimulation of plant growth in relation to low doses glyphosate herbicide (Schanbenberger et al, 1999;Wagner et al, 2003;Cedergreen et al, 2007;Velini et al, 2008). Partial blockage of EPSPs, through the application of glyphosate reduced doses, implicated in growth stimulation of various plant species including eucalyptus, pines, maize and soybean (no transgenic and susceptible to glyphosate).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeitos da associação de glyphosate e fosfito em plantas de milho

et al. 2013

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glyphosate herbicide association with potassium phosphite in maize plants. The experiment was accomplished in green house conditions, with seeding of Pioneer 30F53H simple hybrid in vases. Experimental design used was entirely randomized with six treatments and four replications. Treatments application was made with plants in V7 developmental stage. Evaluations of electron transport rate (ETR) in photo system II were conducted during periods of 1, 2, 5, 32, 56, 80, 104, 128, 152, 176, 200 and 360 hours after application (HAA), as well as visual determinations of intoxication in the same plants at 2, 4, 6, 10 and 15 days after application (DAA). At the end of experiment (15 DAA) it was determined plants height with a graduated ruler from soil level as far as the insertion of last leaf fully expanded, and leaves and stalks dry mass. Glyphosate association with potassium phosphite Fosway® (3.0 L ha -1 , with 30% of P 2 O 5 and 20% of K 2 O) with 72 g a.e. ha -1 dose increased the levels of plant intoxication. Maize plants submitted to 72 g a.e. ha -1 dose alone showed higher growth than control. ETR of treated plants showed an increase in the first hours after application, and subsequent reduction in plants exposed to higher doses of glyphosate associated or not with potassium phosphite. Keywords: electron transport rate, phytotoxicity, Zea mays L.Resumo -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da associação do herbicida glyphosate com fosfito de potássio em plantas de milho. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, com a semeadura do híbrido simples Pioneer 30F53H em vasos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e quarto repetições. A aplicação dos tratamentos foi realizada com as plantas em estágio V7. Foram realizadas avaliações da taxa de transporte de elétrons (TTE) no fotossistema II nos períodos de 1, 2, 5, 32, 56, 80, 104, 128, 152, 176, 200 e 360 horas após a aplicação (HAA) e também se efetuou determinações visuais de intoxicação das mesmas plantas aos 2, 4, 6, 10 e 15 dias após a aplicação (DAA). No final do experimento (15 DAA) determinou-se a altura das plantas com régua graduada rente ao solo até a inserção da última folha totalmente expandida, e a massa seca de folhas e colmos. A associação do fosfito de potássio Fosway® (3,0 L ha -1 , com 30% de P 2 O5 e 20% de K 2 O) com o glyphosate na dose de 72 g e.a. ha -1 aumentou os níveis de intoxicação das plantas. As plantas de milho submetidas à dose de 72 g e.a. ha -1 isolada, apresentaram maior crescimento do que as da 1 Recieved for publication in 12/07/2012 and accepted in 21/10/2012.

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“…In general, the response had a more pronounced hormetic effect in woody species, such as Eucalyptus spp. Other authors have observed hormesis with glyphosate in maize crops (SCHABENBERGER et al, 1999) and Echinochloa crus-pavonis (WAGNER et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hormesis method for increasing oat straw with a view to viability of direct-seeding systems1

Tavares¹,

Sousa²,

Correia³

et al. 2015

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-In conservation agriculture, mainly under direct seeding, maintaining the vegetation ground cover is essential, since this serves as a reservoir of nutrients which are slowly released to plants by microorganisms. Some authors have sought to study increases in the amount of straw in the soil, in addition to slowing down the process of decomposition, with hormesis being one of the techniques used. This technique states that all chemical substances are both poisonous and nonpoisonous, with only the dosage determining whether they are lethal or not. This study aimed to evaluate the dry weight and agronomic characteristics of a crop of black oat subjected to hormesis. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with 12 treatments and 4 replications, giving a total of 48 experimental lots. The treatments were: Haloxyfop-R Methyl Ester at dosages of 0.625, 1.25 and 2.50 g ha -1; Glyphosate at dosages of 12.50, 25.00 and 50.00 g ha -1 ; 2,4-D dimethylamine salt at dosages of 100.00, 200.00 and 300.00 g ha -1; Alterbane at a dosage of 500.00 g ha -1; Salicylic acid at a dose of 100 g ha -1 ; and a control. It was concluded that for the subdosages under test, the herbicides 2,4-D at medium dosage and Verdict at low dosage were shown to be the best treatments for conserving straw as ground cover under direct seeding.Key words: Sustainability. Vegetation cover. Direct-seeding systems.RESUMO -Na agricultura conservacionista, principalmente no plantio direto, a manutenção da cobertura vegetal sobre o solo é essencial, pois esta funciona como reservatório de nutrientes que lentamente serão liberados para as plantas através de microrganismos. Alguns autores têm procurado estudos para aumentar a quantidade de palha presente no solo, além de desacelerar seu processo de decomposição, sendo uma das técnicas utilizadas a hormesis. Essa técnica diz que todas as substâncias químicas são veneno e não veneno, o que faz dela letal ou não, é apenas a dosagem. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a matéria seca e as características agronômicas da cultura da aveia preta submetida à hormesis. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com 12 tratamentos e 4 repetições, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos foram: Haloxifope-R Éster Metílico na dosagem de 0,625; 1,25 e 2,50 g ha -1

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Statistical Tests for Hormesis and Effective Dosages in Herbicide Dose Response

Cited by 205 publications

References 27 publications

Acetolactate Synthase–Inhibitor–Resistant Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): I—Phenotypic Differences

Acetolactate Synthase–Inhibitor–Resistant Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): I—Phenotypic Differences

Efeitos da associação de glyphosate e fosfito em plantas de milho

Hormesis method for increasing oat straw with a view to viability of direct-seeding systems1

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