Statistical Urban Models

Karlqvist, Anders; Marksjö, Bertil

doi:10.1068/a030083

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thus, in this article we delineate FUAs which represent a set of self-contained, cohesive and spatially continuous markets that consist of suppliers and buyers, or recipients, of goods and services, for example, the housing, job, transport or public services markets (see Bertaud, 2018;Martinez-Bernabeu et al, 2012). The emphasis on self-containment and spatial continuity can be operationalized by the gravity model mentioned in the previous section and also studied in Moreno-Monroy et al (2021), Wilson (2011 and Karlqvist and Marksjö (1971). In simple terms, a boundary exists beyond which the market or functional cohesion fades and places beyond that boundary can no longer be considered parts of the metropolitan area.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the gravity model (Wilson, 2011;Karlqvist & Marksjö, 1971), core cities have stronger ties with nearby communes 1 or areas than those that are located at greater distances. Therefore, we hypothesize that a determinate boundary (distance, area, zone) exists within which the functional connections of the core city with nearby communes are significantly stronger than with other, more distant, areas, forming an agglomeration or metropolitan zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deliniation of metropolitan areas in Poland: A functional approach

Gawrońska-Nowak¹,

Lis²,

Zadorozhna³

2022

Economics &Amp; Sociology

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elineation of urban functional areas helps policymakers and urban planners understand the connections between the core cities and areas surrounding them, and subsequently develop policies and solutions that can serve local populations. This article develops a readily applicable econometric method for delineation that considers functional aspects of cities and their surroundings. We perform delineation analysis using the data for 78 Polish core cities, grouping them by population size. Using the satellite data on lights emitted at night, population density, commuter numbers as well as the number of houses and apartments built in each commune, we apply a threshold regression model to determine the boundaries of functional urban areas. Our main results suggest that the mean radius of functional urban areas (FUAs) around the largest (most populous) cities is, on average, 21 km, while it is between 13 and 16 km for smaller cities. We then test how the econometric results compare with the perceptions of local inhabitants through a citizen science project (CSP) conducted as a robustness check.

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Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deliniation of metropolitan areas in Poland: A functional approach

Gawrońska-Nowak¹,

Lis²,

Zadorozhna³

2022

Economics &Amp; Sociology

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“…Accessibility refers to the ease of getting from one location to another and is often used to describe how human activities can maximise access using minimal activity and is an important basis when public facilities are built and planned [27]. Many factors in the city affect the accessibility of travelling for people with disabilities, and the higher the frequency of travelling, the higher the demand for this factor by people with disabilities, and the more important it is in the evaluation system.…”

Section: Travel Behaviours Exhibited By Individuals With Disabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Evaluation System of Disabled Individuals’ Friendly Communities from the Perspective of Inclusive Development—A Case Study in Jinan

Wen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2023

Buildings

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The quality of travel for residents has improved in China’s urban renewal development, but there are still barriers to the activities of disadvantaged groups like people with disabilities in the city, including challenges with accessible travel and a lack of accessible design. All urban people should have access to services and be guaranteed equal rights, according to the inclusive development theory. This study examines the travel requirements and behavioural patterns of the barrier-free groups to safeguard the right of underprivileged groups to participate equally in the urban space. It also determines the impact of various types of urban land use and service facilities on the distribution of barrier-free facilities. An evaluation system based on the needs of the disabled group is established to evaluate the degree of barrier-free facilities in the surveyed areas, summarise the problems shown by the evaluation scores, and propose improvement strategies for the shortcomings of accessibility to residential areas and the controversy through web data crawling and a geographically weighted analysis. From the standpoint of inclusive development, the goal is to lessen the travel issues faced by underprivileged groups and to improve their capacity to take advantage of opportunities and have access to resources.

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“…A Newton-Raphson procedure may also be used (Karlqvist and Marksjo, 1971). If the expected changes in energy use are large it could have an impact on total cost C, and hence it may be necessary to estimate a new value of j3 via insertion of the expected value of C in equation (4).…”

Section: Information Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Urban Futures

Sharpe

Roy

Taylor

1982

Environ Plann B Plann Des

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Mental, descriptive, or mathematical modelling processes are often used to predict or prescribe the future. The certainty of such projections can be improved by careful selection of the modelling criteria. Information theory is used to develop models that maximize the use of available information, which may include observed data, system constraints, and community objectives.The use of game and information theory is explored via a combined land-use and transportation planning model to project the development of an urban system from the viewpoints of different groups and the decisions they control. This model can optimize future urban form by means of a weighted set of planning and behavioural goals. Variables include new activity, demolitions of existing activity, transport flows, and energy consumption.Solutions are generated by optimizing the model under cooperative and noncooperative gaming conditions. The use of subsidies and surcharges to manipulate solutions towards a compromise or equilibrium is discussed.

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Statistical Urban Models

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Deliniation of metropolitan areas in Poland: A functional approach

Deliniation of metropolitan areas in Poland: A functional approach

Towards an Evaluation System of Disabled Individuals’ Friendly Communities from the Perspective of Inclusive Development—A Case Study in Jinan

Optimizing Urban Futures

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