Status and contamination level of the wastewater of Gebeng industrial estate, Pahang, Malaysia

Abstract

The pH of the water of the studied stations was slightly acidic to neutral, while EC was included within recommended standard. The contamination intensity, pollution level, classification of water indicated that the wastewater having higher contamination level, especially, BOD, COD, NH3-N, PO4, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni and Hg concentration were high in all samples with lower DO value. The high COD content indicated that the wastewater of Gebeng area contains higher wastes. However, the results were differed on the basis of seasons and types of industries. It was also found that Pb and Hg concentrations were higher in wet season in comparison to dry, while Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Ba and As concentrations were higher in dry season in comparison to wet. All sampling sites were categorized as highly polluted. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22731 Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(1): 103-110, 2015 (March)

Modelling past and future land‐use changes from mining, agriculture, industry and biodiversity in a rapidly developing Southeast Asian region

“…Although the observed land‐use expansion for both the industrial and mining sites in this study is not as large as other relatively more extensive land covers such as the oil palm plantation (Figure 6), the impact on the environment from these land uses is much greater. The spill‐over environmental effects from industrial and mining locations in the region have been shown to impact negatively on the surrounding natural environment and residential areas, affecting people's health both directly and indirectly (Hossain et al, 2012), the livelihood of fishermen and the tourism sectors (Aw & Awale, 2015; Sobahan et al, 2013). According to a recent study by Hossain et al (2012), water bodies near the industrial areas in Gebeng, namely, at Pengorak, Tunggak and Balok rivers and Pengorak beach, have had abnormally high levels of heavy metal and aluminium concentrations, with traces of radioactive materials, suspected to originate from the nearby industrial and bauxite mining sites.…”

“…According to a recent study by Hossain et al (2012), water bodies near the industrial areas in Gebeng, namely, at Pengorak, Tunggak and Balok rivers and Pengorak beach, have had abnormally high levels of heavy metal and aluminium concentrations, with traces of radioactive materials, suspected to originate from the nearby industrial and bauxite mining sites. Other similar studies have found that the rivers located in the vicinity of industrial sites contain higher contaminants, mainly from industrial pollutants, and rivers have been degraded (Ata et al, 2018;Sobahan et al, 2013;Yaakub et al, 2018). Local residents are concerned over impacts from the operation of a rare earth processing plant known as Lynas Advanced Material Plant at Gebeng, as the plant generates waste products that contain low-level radioactive materials, and therefore could impact the health of 700,000 people living within a 30-km radius of the plant and has the potential to contaminate the surrounding natural environment, especially groundwater (Bodetti, 2019;New Straits Times, 2019;Raman & Abdul Kader, 2019;Lipson & Hemingway, 2019).…”

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“…In addition, BOD and COD were very high compared to the standard level of Malaysia. Whereas, the study of Sobahan et al [14] indicated that the water river having lower DO, higher contamination level of BOD, COD, NH3-N, and phosphate.…”

Determination of Water Quality Degradation Due to Industrial and Household Wastewater in the Galing River in Kuantan, Malaysia Using Ion Chromatograph and Water Quality Data

“…The National Physical Plan 2005 identified Kuantan as one of the country's future growth centers and a hub for trade, commerce, transportation, and tourism, owing to its strategic location on the east coast. Following the implementation of the "Kuantan District Locality Plan 2004-2015" over the past decade, the area has developed rapidly, resulting in environmental degradation [7][8][9][10]. As shown in Figure 1, the east coast area of Kuantan city has been notably urbanized and agricultural and forest regions have been converted to housing and business/servicing purposes during this period.…”