Status and determinants of child immunisation coverage in three South Asian countries, India, Bangladesh and Nepal: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey

Sk, Illias Kanchan; Kurlikar, Prashika; Chourase, Mithlesh; Yadav, Rajaram; Biswas, Abhijit

doi:10.4038/sljch.v47i1.8431

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 5 ] Though vaccination coverage in India has significantly increased over the years, these figures demonstrate little about the existing disparities in vaccination. Several studies[ 6 - 9 ] have been conducted so far in India to capture the disparity in terms of socio-demographic factors. However, according to the theory of “social determinants of health,” variables like income or wealth might affect how someone seeks out healthcare, such as child vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decomposition Analysis to Understand the Wealth-Based Inequalities in Child Vaccination in Rural Southern Assam: A Cross-Sectional Study

Roy¹,

Debnath²,

Sarma³

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Community Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The socio-environmental aspects of southern Assam reflect a general pattern of backwardness. Moreover, child healthcare resources in the region are inadequately used, leading to low vaccination coverage. Given this background, this paper attempted to comprehend wealth-based inequality in full vaccination in rural areas of southern Assam. Methodology: Based on a multistage cluster sampling approach, 360 children of 12–23 months were selected from the study area. To identify the predictors of a child, a non-linear model was estimated by using the generalized linear model (GLM) approach followed by Erreygers decomposition technique to quantify the wealth inequality in the obtained predictors in explaining the disparity in full vaccination. Result: The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination recorded the highest vaccination coverage, at nearly 90% and the lowest was observed for the measles vaccine, around 61 percent. Slightly more than half of the eligible children (54 percent) were vaccinated against all the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)-recommended vaccines. The decomposition analysis revealed that the occupation of the child’s father, maternal age, birth order of the child, and health-seeking behavior such as antenatal care (ANC) were the prime factors related to inequality in full vaccination in the region. Conclusion: Vaccination coverage in the region has improved over time, however, full vaccination is concentrated towards the economically advantaged section of the society in rural southern Assam. Targeted, context-specific, and expanded government initiatives could aid in addressing the overall wealth-related full vaccination inequalities in the valley.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decomposition Analysis to Understand the Wealth-Based Inequalities in Child Vaccination in Rural Southern Assam: A Cross-Sectional Study

Roy¹,

Debnath²,

Sarma³

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Community Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Global vaccination coverage has increased, contributing to decreases in child mortality from 9.6 million in 2000 to 5.9 million in 2015, especially in low and middle-income countries. Global vaccination coverage has increased, which has contributed to decreases in child mortality from 9.6 million in 2000 to 5.9 million in 2015 across all regions of the world, especially low and middle-income countries (LMICs) ( Herliana & Douiri, 2018 ; Tefera et al, 2018 ; Sk et al, 2018 ; Holipah, Maharani & Kuroda, 2018 ; Yenit, Gelaw & Shiferaw, 2018 ; Aregawi et al, 2017 ; Meleko, Geremew & Birhanu, 2017 ; Acharya et al, 2018 ; Ekouevi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12 to 23 months in remote rural area of Demba Gofa District, Southern Ethiopia

Darebo

Oshe

Diro

2022

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Full vaccination refers to the administration of vaccines/antigens recommended for children in the first year of life. However, little is known about full vaccination in remote, rural Ethiopia. This study aimed to measure full vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12 to 23 months in Demba Gofa District, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in April and May 2019 using a multistage sampling technique to select 677 mothers with children 12–23 months of age. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and data were edited, coded, entered, and cleaned using Epi Info v3.1 and analyzed using SPSS v20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to understand associations between dependent and independent variables. Results Three-hundred and nine children (47.0%) were fully vaccinated, 274 (41.7%) were partially vaccinated, and 74 (11.3%) were not vaccinated at all. Children were more likely to be vaccinated if decisions were made jointly with husbands (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI [1.06–3.34]), were made by mothers (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI [1.66–9.78]), followed postnatal care (AOR = 5.02, 95% CI [2.28–11.05]), if the child’s age for completing vaccination was known (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI [1.04–6.23]), and if vaccinations did not make the child sick (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI [0.16–0.64]). Conclusion Full vaccination coverage was less than average in the study district and far below the governmental target (90%) necessary for sustained control of vaccine-preventable diseases. Interventions targeted towards maternal healthcare decision-making, postnatal care, knowledge on vaccination timing, and importance should be prioritized to improve full vaccination coverage. A continuous supply of vaccination cards needs to be ensured to improve vaccination conditions.

show abstract

“…India being a principal producer and exporter of vaccines, but still, it is home to one-third of the world's under-five children with no immunization [7,8]. The South Asian countries was home to 1.8 of the 6 million babies who died within twenty-eight days of birth in 2015 [9]. The research depicts that the number of deaths from measles fell from more than 535,000 in 2000 to approximately 139,000 in 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately, three million children die annually due to vaccine preventable diseases in developing countries [11]. More than 85% of children from Nepal and Bangladesh were fully immunized compared to 43.6% from India [9]. Child immunization status is as important as child nutritional status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and immunization status of under-five children of India and Bangladesh

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The nutritional and immunization status of children can play an important role in determining their future health status of a particular country. The aim of the present study is to investigate the nutritional and immunization status of under-five children in India and Bangladesh, and to find the difference in the status between these two countries. Methods We have used the National Family Health Survey data, 2015–2016 of India and Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2017–2018 datasets. The sample sizes are 222,418, among them 8759 and 8759 children for India and Bangladesh respectively. The nutritional status of under-five children is measured by standard anthropometric indicators of height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ). Regarding child immunization status, only BCG, DPT, polio and measles vaccinations are considered for the present study. Multiple binary logistic model has been used for analysing the data. Results This study reveals that the prevalence of stunting and underweight of under-five children in India are higher than Bangladeshi children. Secondary and higher educated mothers are more likely of having normal HAZ and WAZ children than up to primary educated mothers for both countries. Chances of having normal HAZ and WAZ are higher among non-poor category for both countries. The present study also shows that immunization status of Bangladeshi children is better than Indian children except measles. Religion of mother also shows influence on immunization status of children in India whereas Bangladesh shows no significant results regarding religion. Mother’s educational attainment and wealth index show influence on immunization status among children for both countries. Conclusions The study concludes that a remarkable number of under-five children are suffering from under nutrition for both countries, however Bangladeshi children have better nutritional and immunization status compared to Indian children. Higher wealth index, better educational attainment and lower unemployment of Bangladeshi mothers may be the causes for better nutritional and immunization status of children. Mother’s socio-economic factors have significant impact on determining the child’s health status. Our findings can help to government of Indian and Bangladesh for taking health policy to improve under-five children nutritional and immunization status.

show abstract

Status and determinants of child immunisation coverage in three South Asian countries, India, Bangladesh and Nepal: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

A Decomposition Analysis to Understand the Wealth-Based Inequalities in Child Vaccination in Rural Southern Assam: A Cross-Sectional Study

A Decomposition Analysis to Understand the Wealth-Based Inequalities in Child Vaccination in Rural Southern Assam: A Cross-Sectional Study

Full vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12 to 23 months in remote rural area of Demba Gofa District, Southern Ethiopia

Nutritional and immunization status of under-five children of India and Bangladesh

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About