Status and Perspective of High-Energy Beam Surface Strengthening: High-Speed Steel

Abstract

High-speed steel (HSS) is primarily used to manufacture cutting tools and roll materials for various machine tools. Improving the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of HSS is of great significance to the development of the manufacturing and tool industries. The high-energy beams, consisting of laser, plasma beam, and electron beam processing (e.g., surface remelting, cladding, and alloying), have the advantageous characteristics of high heat source energy and good surface processing effect. The research status and perspective of the above three processing techniques on the surface properties (in particular, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance) of HSS is reviewed, and the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of the three strengthening methods are discussed. High-energy beam surface alloying appears to be the most cost-effective of HSS surface strengthening methods and is promising to receive increasing research attentions in the future.

In-situ micromechanical analysis of a high-vanadium high-speed steel coating made with additive manufacturing

“…In general, strength, ductility and toughness are essential and demanding properties for structural engineering applications; however, strength and ductility are competing properties in metallic systems and often an optimum synergy in a metallic coating is required [1]. High-energy beams such as lasers or plasma arcs are commonly used to deposit carbide-reinforced metal matrix composite coatings, where carbides are incorporated into coatings via either ex-situ or in-situ synthesis [2][3][4][5]. Among these routines, chemical reactions between strong carbide-forming elements (e.g., V, Ti, Nb, Cr, Mo) and carbon impurities in the matrix are advantageous for producing thermodynamically stable hard reinforcements which may strengthen the matrix significantly [6][7][8].…”

Boosting Mechanical Properties of W6Mo5Cr4V2 Alloy Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition Through Tempering Heat Treatment

“…However, the service life of conventionally cast W6Mo5Cr4V2 alloy is limited due to carbide segregation that frequently occurs during the manufacturing process, which results in larger carbide size and weakened properties of the alloy. [ 4,5 ]…”

“…However, the service life of conventionally cast W6Mo5Cr4V2 alloy is limited due to carbide segregation that frequently occurs during the manufacturing process, which results in larger carbide size and weakened properties of the alloy. [4,5] Directed energy deposition (DED) is a cutting-edge additive manufacturing (AM) technology that utilizes a laser heat source to melt metal powder onto the substrate surface, [6][7][8] resulting in the formation of a strong metallurgical bond. [9,10] Typically, a laser is utilized as the heat source for DED, owing to its superior performance characteristics such as high energy density, good stability, and a small thermal-influenced region, [11] These qualities make it highly suitable for meeting the needs of engineering part remanufacturing and life extension.…”