“…The comparison data are reported to the BIPM every day and contribute to the 5 d-grid computation of TAI. The frequency deviation of TAI from TT (the SI second on the geoid) is determined by the data of primary and secondary frequency standards (PSFS) worldwide reported in circular T. During the 14 months-long measurement in this research, 13 primary frequency standards reported data to the BIPM including the Cs fountain clocks (IT-CsF2 [60], METAS-FOC2 [61], NIM5 [62], NPL-CsF2 [63], NRC-FCs2 [4], PTB-CSF1, PTB-CSF2 [2], SU-CsFO2 [64], SYRTE-FO1, SYRTE-FO2, SYRTE-FOM [65]) and two thermal beam Cs clocks (PTB-CS1 and PTB-CS2 [66]). A Rb fountain clock (SYRTYE-FORb [67]) also contributed to…”