“…Occurrences of Dolichospermum species and their toxins in large quantities have been documented in numerous water bodies (e.g., Tsujimura and Okubo, 2003;Cook et al, 2004;John and Kemp, 2006;Karjalainen et al, 2007;Kravchuk, 2009;Ciré s et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013;Callieri et al, 2014), and the incidences of public exposure through drinking water or recreational activities have become more serious (e.g., Bowling and Baker, 1996;Al-Tebrineh et al, 2012), making a review on Dolichospermum cyanobacteria timely. Options for controlling or mitigating cyanobacterial blooms and their toxins have been previously summarized (Jia et al, 2010;Ho et al, 2012;Shao et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2013;Lü rling and Tolman, 2014;Steffen et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014;Zamyadi et al, 2015) and will not be discussed here. In this review, knowledge of waterbloom forming Dolichospermum is summarized, focussing on taxonomy, the status of genomic information that is beginning to facilitate studies on the detailed controls of bloom dynamics, and the potential hazards caused by these blooms and their toxins.…”