Status of coronary disease and results from early endovascular aneurysm repair after preventive percutaneous coronary revascularization

Abstract

Background The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is high in patients with an aortic aneurysm but preoperative routine coronary angiography and preventive coronary revascularization are not recommended to reduce cardiac events in patients with severe CAD. Aim This study evaluated the safeness and efficacy of preventive percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with severe CAD scheduled for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Methods All patients with descending thoracic aneurysm (DTA) or abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) scheduled for EVAR underwent preliminary coronary angiography. Based on coronary angiography results, 917 patients (40.7%) had significant CAD and were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; CAD group) and 1337 patients (59.3%) were without or with mild/moderate CAD and were considered as controls (no‐CAD group). To evaluate the safeness and efficacy of preventive PCI in patients with severe CAD undergoing EVAR, groups were compared for hospital and 12‐month cardiac adverse events. Results CAD was present in 1210 patients (53.6%): significant in 917 patients (38%) and mild to moderate in 293 patients (5.3%). Hospital and 12‐month cardiac events occurred in 15 (1.6%) and 13 (1.4%) CAD group patients and in 9 (0.7%) and 8 (0.4%) no‐CAD group patients (p = .05 and p = .08), respectively. Hospital and 12‐month cardiac deaths occurred in 3 (0.3%) and 2 (0.2%) CAD group patients and in 3 (0.2%) and 2 (0.2%) no‐CAD group patients (p = .9 and p = .9), respectively. Conclusion The strategy to treat severe CAD preoperatively by PCI and early subsequent EVAR brings a similar outcome to that in patients without or with mild/moderate CAD.

Clinical outcomes of a CT protocol for simultaneous examination of the aorta and coronary artery in patients with aortic aneurysm

“…Whether PCI can reduce mortality or MI in patients with stable CAD remains controversial ( 21 ). In patients with AA, however, several reports have suggested that appropriate management including coronary revascularization may improve clinical outcomes ( 4 , 22 ). Functional tests such as stress echocardiography or single-photon emission computed tomography could be alternatives to CACT for the detection of coronary artery disease.…”