Status of Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency Schemes in Bhutan's Domestic Sector

Lhendup, Tshewang; Das, Sima; Tshering, Tempa; Penjor, Ugyen; Choden, Dechen; Chodon, Pelden; Dorji, Cheku

doi:10.1109/cict.2015.56

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…74 Nepal and Bhutan are primarily reliant on traditional energy sources including firewood, agricultural leftovers, and animal dung, as shown in Figures 11(a) and 14(d), due to the lack of significant local deposits of fossil fuels. 75,76 Population growth, industrialization, and economic growth have boosted Nepal and Bhutan's energy usage. Boosted fossil fuel imports, economic instability, and unsustainable biomass use have all increased greenhouse gas emissions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to foster greater social and economic development, Nepal and Bhutan need to broaden their use of different types of energy resources. [75][76][77][78][79] According to a study on the role of renewable energy in Nepal, it is imperative that the country utilize its own renewable resources and avoid relying on foreign fuel imports. 75,76 In conclusion, indigenous renewable energy resources in Nepal and Bhutan contribute to establishing energy independence and guaranteeing a low-cost electricity supply for the entire populations of both nations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of SAARC nations' solar energy potential for sustainable development

Mittal

2022

Energy & Environment

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Energy is very vital for the economic development and prosperity of any nation. Expanding a country's use of renewable energy sources can help it meet its current and future energy needs, as well as spur economic growth. Sustainable energy supply, electrification rate, population shifts, and per-capita power use affect economic development and prosperity. Electricity use is a key sign of a country's economic growth, and as the economy grows, so does the need for energy. Electricity generation relies on the availability of primary sources, implementation of technology as well as on policy imperatives. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia. Its member states are India, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. SAARC countries are wealthy in natural resources, yet economic growth is a difficulty. This study aims to assess the solar energy potential of SAARC countries, which has received little attention. Prior research on solar energy possibilities in SAARC concentrated on one country or group. According to the study, SAARC countries rely heavily on imported fossil fuels and a single energy source. Renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, are important for their sustainable expansion, diversity of energy basket, energy security, and fulfilling rising electricity demand. The SAARC region has superior daily average horizontal sun irradiances than the UK and Germany, indicating untapped potential for solar photovoltaic systems. This study aims to encourage stakeholders to execute efficient solar energy governance planning for sustainable growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of SAARC nations' solar energy potential for sustainable development

Mittal

2022

Energy & Environment

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“…The 2015 electricity demand of the 7 provinces in Nepal and Bhutan were calculated based on the electricity demand per capita and population [77]- [80]. The demand for each of the future time steps was calculated based on different growth rates during the transition period.…”

Section: ) Demand Projectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Transition for the Himalayan Countries Nepal and Bhutan: Pathways Towards Reliable, Affordable and Sustainable Energy for All

et al. 2021

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The Himalayan countries Nepal and Bhutan have been confronted with similar climate change and energy emergencies for quite a long time. Its influence is felt as a barrier in financial, social, infrastructural, and political development. Despite having an enormous amount of renewable energy sources, these countries are unable to fulfil their current energy demand. While the power sector is entirely dependent on hydropower, other sectors depend on fossil fuel imports from India. This study offers a pathway for energy independency, energy for all and transition towards a 100% renewables based energy system. The modelling of the energy sector is done using the LUT Energy System Transition model for a period from 2015 to 2050 in a 5-year time step. This study covers the main energy sectors: power, heat, and transport. Two scenarios are visualised, one considering greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and the associated mitigation cost and another without these costs, though both scenarios aim at achieving a high share of renewable energy by 2050. A substantial drop in levelised cost of energy is observed for the scenario without GHG emission cost, however, taxing GHG emissions will accelerate the energy transition with the levelised cost of energy on a similar level. It is well possible to transition from 90 €/MWh in 2015 to 49 €/MWh by 2050 for the entire energy system by utilizing indigenous low-cost renewable energy. Solar photovoltaics and hydropower will play a dominant role in 2050, having a share of 67% and 31% respectively. Consequently, this leads to zero GHG emissions. An energy transition towards a sustainable and secure energy system for all by 2050 is well possible in Nepal and Bhutan only through 100% renewable sources and it is both technically and economically feasible despite having substantial limitations in infrastructure and economic development currently.

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“…than 43 percent is attributed to space heating, 41 percent for fodder preparation, and the rest for cooking(Lhendup et al 2015). Rural entitlements for fuelwood are decreasing as substantial progress has been made to electrify rural households.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bhutan Development Update, August 2020

2020

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Abbreviations and Acronyms AAC Annual Allowable Cut ABI Association of Bhutanese Industries BC Biological Corridors BIT Business Income Tax BLSS Bhutan Living Standard Survey CAB Construction Association of Bhutan CAD Current Account Deficit UNCBD United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity CFMG Community Forest Management Groups CFs Community Forests CIT Corporate Income Tax COP Conference of The Parties CRR Cash Reserve Ratio CSIs Cottage and Small Industries

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Status of Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency Schemes in Bhutan's Domestic Sector

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Assessment of SAARC nations' solar energy potential for sustainable development

Assessment of SAARC nations' solar energy potential for sustainable development

Renewable Energy Transition for the Himalayan Countries Nepal and Bhutan: Pathways Towards Reliable, Affordable and Sustainable Energy for All

Bhutan Development Update, August 2020

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