Status of Frustrator as an Inhibitor of Horn-Honking Responses

Doob, Anthony N.; Gross, Alan E.

doi:10.1080/00224545.1968.9933615

Cited by 184 publications

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“…With respect to (1ij, Doob and Gross (1968) did not, unfortunately, report the standard deviations for the four cells, nor did they report the error term for the F ratios from which an estimate could be obtained . Consequently, the cell standard deviations have to be estimated indirectly.…”

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“…Finally, the study raises a number of interesting design and data analysis issues. These include alternative methods for analyzing the data (2 x 2 ANOVA vs. 2x3 chi-square), issues concerning the assumptions of Table 1 Means,· Sample Sizes, and F Ratiost Reported by Doob and Gross (1968) Sex of Subject (B) Male (bl) Female (bl) Frustrator (A) High status (a2) Low status (al) 6.8 7.6 (n =23) (n = 15) 8.5…”

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“…For instructors who teach experimental psychology, research methods, or statistics, the Doob and Gross (1968) paper is an excellent journal article to have students read and discuss. It is short and relatively easy to understand, it describes a "real-life" phenomenon that most people have experienced first-hand, and it illustrates both the advantages and the pitfalls of conducting an experiment in a naturalistic setting.…”

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“…The Doob and Gross (1968) study is just one of a large number that the instructor might wish to discuss in lecture. For this purpose, it is extremely useful to be able to generate, display, and analyze simulated data from such studies.…”

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Anatomy of a DATASIM simulation: The Doob and Gross horn-honking study

Bradley

1991

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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The program DATASIM is used to simulate the classic "horn-honking" study by Doob and Gross (1968). In a 2 x 2 field experiment, Doob and Gross investigated the effects of status of frustrator-a low-or high-status car blocking an intersection-on the latency to honk among male and female drivers. The present paper illustrates how to extract the values of simulation parameters from the published study, how to initialize the simulation in DATASIM, and how to generate and analyze the simulated data. Certain complications arise because the latency data collected by Doob and Gross were nonnormally distributed, cell variances were heterogeneous, and sample sizes were unequal. DATASIM is able to incorporate these features in the simulation, and several methods for assessing the quality ofthe simulation are illustrated. In addition, sampling experiments are reported, which were performed to assess the joint and individual effects of nonnormality and heterogeneity on the Type I and Type II error rates of the F test. The paper concludes with some practical suggestions regarding how researchers can evaluate, and adjust for, the effects of such violations. 190In 1968, Doob and Gross published a study in which they investigated the effects of status on inhibiting aggression. The experimental paradigm was simple: The experimenters would drive a low-or high-status car to an intersection, wait for the light to change to green, and then just remain stationary. They were interested in measuring the hom-honking behavior of the driver in the car behind them, which they did by counting the total number of honks made during the 12-sec cycle of the light, and by ascertaining the latency to the first honk. (If the driver never honked, he or she was assigned the maximum possible latency of 12 sec.) The experimenters recorded the sex of the driver, and subsequently analyzed the latency data by conducting a 2 x2 (status x sex) analysis of variance.

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Anatomy of a DATASIM simulation: The Doob and Gross horn-honking study

Bradley

1991

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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Sex, race, and experiences of aggression

Harris

1992

Aggr. Behav.

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Most previous research on sex differences in experienced aggression has confounded the sex of the aggressor and of the target by considering married or dating couples. In the present study, black and white male and female college students were asked about specific acts of aggression which they had received from or directed toward a male or female. As predicted, males were likely to have both received and exhibited more forms of aggressive behavior, although females were somewhat more likely to have been honked at, to have been forced by a male to have sex, and to have slapped someone. Few racial differences were found, but it appeared that blacks might have been relatively more likely to exhibit physical aggression and whites to exhibit nonphysical aggression. Some differences were found in specific behaviors directed toward and received from males and females, but in general subjects said that they received more aggressive behaviors than they directed toward others. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Attitudes and Persuasion

Vargas

2010

Handbook of Social Psychology

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Status of Frustrator as an Inhibitor of Horn-Honking Responses

Cited by 184 publications

References 5 publications

Anatomy of a DATASIM simulation: The Doob and Gross horn-honking study

Anatomy of a DATASIM simulation: The Doob and Gross horn-honking study

Sex, race, and experiences of aggression

Attitudes and Persuasion

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