Status of research on the development and regeneration of hair follicles

Abstract

Hair loss, or alopecia, is a prevalent condition in modern society that imposes substantial mental and psychological burden on individuals. The types of hair loss, include androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium; of them, androgenetic alopecia is the most common condition. Traditional treatment modalities mainly involve medical options, such as minoxidil, finasteride and surgical interventions, such as hair transplantation. However, these treatments still have many limitations. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of hair loss, specifically focusing on the development and regeneration of hair follicles (HFs), and developing new strategies for promoting hair regrowth are essential. Some emerging therapies for hair loss have gained prominence; these therapies include low-level laser therapy, micro needling, fractional radio frequency, platelet-rich plasma, and stem cell therapy. The aforementioned therapeutic strategies appear promising for hair loss management. In this review, we investigated the mechanisms underlying HF development and regeneration. For this, we studied the structure, development, cycle, and cellular function of HFs. In addition, we analyzed the symptoms, types, and causes of hair loss as well as its current conventional treatments. Our study provides an overview of the most effective regenerative medicine-based therapies for hair loss.

Hair follicle stem cells promote epidermal regeneration under expanded condition

“…Cells located in the HF lower bulge have the capability to generate both the HF and epidermis, especially in injured newborn mouse skin. In these scenarios, cells within the HF bulge can migrate towards the epidermis ( Liu et al, 2024 ). Recently, a study showed that when a superficial wound was created in mice, the HF cells in the newly formed epidermis were gradually replaced by keratinocytes derived from the epidermis ( Ji et al, 2021 ).…”

Aesthetic Rehabilitation Medicine: Enhancing Wellbeing beyond Functional Recovery

“…LLLT yields interesting results, especially in terms of decreased hair loss and increased hair growth, though possibly causing mild side effects such as tenderness, paraesthesia, and mild urticaria of the scalp. More research is warranted [151].…”

Relation between Androgenic Alopecia with Metabolic Syndrome: Review Article

“…As a result of these changes in the hair cycle, the papilla, matrix, and shaft of the hair are all affected by the miniaturisation of the follicles. Because of its central role in hair growth maintenance, the dermal papilla is likely the site of androgen-mediated alterations to the hair cycle, such as the shrinkage of the follicle [7] .…”