Status of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Black Forest region, South Western Germany

Kaphegyi, Thomas A. M.; Kaphegyi, Ursula; Müller, Ulrich M.

doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2006.01.001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In recent years, we have witnessed the recovery of previously threatened or endangered species via recolonization of historically occupied areas (Lucchini et al 2002, Hirzel et al 2004, Kaphegyi et al 2006, Vandel et al 2006). Some of these recolonizations are the result of reintroductions, while others are due to the natural dispersal of individuals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic pattern of the recent recovery of European otters in southern France

Janssens¹,

Fontaine²,

Michaux³

et al. 2008

Ecography

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We investigated how landscape affects the population genetic structure and the dispersal of the elusive European otter Lutra lutra in a contemporary colonization context, over several generations and at the level of hydrographic basins. Our study area included 10 basins located in the Cévennes National Park (CNP), at the southern front of the natural otter recovery in France. Each basin comprised 50 to 300 km of permanent rivers that were surveyed for otter presence from 1991 to 2005. Faecal samples collected in 2004 and 2005 in this area were genotyped at 9 microsatellite loci, resulting in the identification of 70 genetically distinct individuals. Bayesian clustering methods were used to infer genetic structure of the populations and to compare recent gene flow to the observed colonization. At the regional level, we identified 2 distinct genetic clusters (NE and SW; FST00.102) partially separated by ridges, suggesting that the CNP was recolonized by 2 genetically distinct otter populations. At the basin level, the genetic distance between groups of individuals in different basins was positively correlated to the mean slope separating these basins. The probable origins and directions of individual movements (i.e. migration between clusters and basin colonization inside clusters) were inferred from assignment tests. This approach shows that steep and dry lands can stop, impede or divert the dispersal of a mobile carnivore such as the otter.

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confidence: 99%

Genetic pattern of the recent recovery of European otters in southern France

Janssens¹,

Fontaine²,

Michaux³

et al. 2008

Ecography

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“…In contrast, the latter claim that the very few cases of lynx individuals in the region and the fact that they keep disappearing again is evidence of illegal shootings by the lynx opponents. Although neither of these rumours has been substantiated, they “turned the debates into emotional quarrels in which ecologically based arguments were marginalised by the particular interests of the different stakeholders” (Kaphegyi et al 2006: p. 173). Given that large carnivores, due to their absence, have no immediate influence on the conflict, this area provides an ideal context within which to study the social mechanisms at play.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over recent decades single lynx have appeared only sporadically in the area. They most likely migrate from the neighbouring countries Switzerland and France but do not settle (Kaphegyi et al 2006). The lynx became the subject of a conflict in the 1980s when a nature conservation group pursued its active reintroduction.…”

Section: Empirical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The missing lynx — understanding hunters' opposition to large carnivores

Lüchtrath¹,

Schraml²

2015

Wildlife Biology

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Local opposition to large carnivores is a frequent source of conflict and a major obstacle for large carnivore conservation worldwide. The aim of our study is to understand hunters' reasons for opposing large carnivores, paying particular attention to the social dimension of the conflict. In an area where a vigorous conflict about lynx (Lynx lynx) exists without there actually being individuals of this species resident, we conducted group discussions with hunters, a group that includes many lynx opponents. Results were interpreted using the theories of social identity and psychological reactance. We found that, despite the absence of large carnivores, hunters' perceptions and reasoning resembled those present in areas with resident large carnivores. This underlines the significance of the social dimension. Results show that the hunters' position in the lynx conflict is shaped by past experiences with pro‐lynx groups (forestry and nature conservation). In this interaction, hunters see their social identity as being threatened which in turn leads to group discrimination and reactance processes — the latter possibly resulting in illegal shootings of lynx. Thus, hunters' opposition is not solely about the impacts of the lynx, but also about defending their social identity and withstanding impairment of their perceived freedoms by other interest groups. We argue that actively dealing with such group dynamics could serve as a missing link between large carnivore protection and conflict management. Future large carnivore management should focus more on shaping the quality of the interaction between the managers, advocates and opponents of large carnivores in order to overcome group‐conflict and reactance processes.

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“…The SCALP categorization has been already adopted in many countries (e.g. Germany: Kaphegyi et al 2006;Slovenia: Kos et al 2012;Czech Republic: Kutal et al 2013;France: Marboutain et al 2006;Switzerland: Molinari et al 2012).…”

Section: Registration Of Animal Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidance on estimation of abundance and density of wild carnivore population:methods, challenges, possibilities

Podgórski

Acevedo

Apollonio

et al. 2020

EFS3

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This guidance reviews the methods for estimating relative abundance and density in nine large European wild carnivore species, somerepresenting relevant health concerns andprovides insights on how to obtain reliable estimations by using those methods. On a local scale, the appropriate method should take into accountthe characteristics of the study area, the estimated survey efforts, the expected results (i.e. a measure of true density or just an index of abundance to monitor the trend in space and time) the level of accuracy and precision, and a proper design so to obtain a correct interpretation of the data. Among all methods, the camera trapping (CT) methods, especially those recently developed, are the most promising for the collection of robust data and can be conducted in a wide range of species, habitats, seasons and densities with minimal adjustments. Some recently developed CT methods do not require individual recognition of the animals and are a good compromise of cost, effort and accuracy. Linear transects,particularly Kilometric Abundance Index (KAI) is applicable for monitoring large regions.A large challenge is compiling and validating abundance data at different spatial scales. Based on ENETWILD initiative, we recommend developing a permanent network and a data platform to collect and share local density estimates, so as abundance in the EU, which would enable to validate predictions for larger areas by modelling. It would allow to identify gaps in the data on wild carnivores (including the species not assessed in the present report) and to focus on these areas for improving predictions. This platform must facilitate the reporting by wildlife policy makers and relevant stakeholders, but also citizen science initiatives.Also, there is need to improve the reliability of local density estimations by developing practical research on methods able to derive densities in untested species and situations, making the application of methods easier for local teams.

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Status of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Black Forest region, South Western Germany

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Genetic pattern of the recent recovery of European otters in southern France

Genetic pattern of the recent recovery of European otters in southern France

The missing lynx — understanding hunters' opposition to large carnivores

Guidance on estimation of abundance and density of wild carnivore population:methods, challenges, possibilities

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