Status of U.S. Military Retirees and Their Spouses toward Achieving <i>Healthy People 2010</i> Objectives

Kress, Amii M.; Hartzell, Michael; Peterson, Michael R.; Williams, Thomas V.; Fagan, Nancy K.

doi:10.4278/0890-1171-20.5.334

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Both obesity and aging decrease insulin sensitivity, impair the immune response, increase inflammation, weaken the gut-bloodstream barrier, and decrease physical mobility [ 2 ]. Promotion of dietary intervention, exercise, and lifestyle modification, including second-line obesity treatments, to sustain weight loss has been elusive [ 3 , 4 ]. Even though a direct relationship between calorie restriction and health span has been observed in animal models [ 5 , 6 ], controlling food intake in humans is difficult, mainly transient, and often unsustainable because it involves multiple factors including psychological factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Gao

Greenway

et al. 2015

Nutrition Research

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In addition to their fermentable dietary fiber and the soluble β-glucan fiber, oats have unique avenanthramides that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that reduce coronary heart disease in human clinical trials. We hypothesized that oat consumption will increase insulin sensitivity, reduce body fat, and improve health span in Caenorhabditis elegans through a mechanism involving the daf-2 gene, which codes for the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1–like receptor, and that hyperglycemia will attenuate these changes. Caenorhabditis elegans wild type (N2) and the null strains sir-2.1, daf-16, and daf-16/daf-2 were fed Escherichia coli (OP50) and oat flakes (0.5%, 1.0%, or 3%) with and without 2% glucose. Oat feeding decreased intestinal fat deposition in N2, daf-16, or daf-16/daf-2 strains (P < .05); and glucose did not affect intestinal fat deposition response. The N2, daf-16, or sir-2.1 mutant increased the pharyngeal pumping rate (P < .05), a surrogate marker of life span, following oat consumption. Oat consumption increased ckr-1, gcy-8, cpt-1, and cpt-2 mRNA expression in both the N2 and the sir-2.1 mutant, with significantly higher expression in sir-2.1 than in N2 (P < .01). Additional glucose further increased expression 1.5-fold of the 4 genes in N2 (P < .01), decreased the expression of all except cpt-1 in the daf-16 mutant, and reduced mRNA expression of the 4 genes in the daf-16/daf-2 mutant (P < .01). These data suggest that oat consumption reduced fat storage and increased ckr-1, gcy-8, cpt-1, or cpt-2 through the sir-2.1 genetic pathway. Oat consumption may be a beneficial dietary intervention for reducing fat accumulation, augmenting health span, and improving hyperglycemia-impaired lipid metabolism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Gao

Greenway

et al. 2015

Nutrition Research

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show abstract

“…Diet intervention, exercise, and lifestyle modification have been promoted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and other government institutions, but sustainable weight loss has been elusive. In an intensive diet and behaviour modification program with meal replacements, adults lost 22.6–25.5+1% of their body weight temporarily, but maintained only a 5% weight loss after 3 years (Kress, Hartzell, Peterson, Williams, & Fagan, 2006; Wadden & Frey, 1997). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prowashonupana barley dietary fibre reduces body fat and increases insulin sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Gao

King

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2015

Journal of Functional Foods

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Prowashonupana barley (PWB) is high in β-glucan with moderate content of resistant starch. PWB reduced intestinal fat deposition (IFD) in wild type Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans, N2), and in sir-2.1 or daf-16 null mutants, and sustained a surrogate marker of lifespan, pharyngeal pumping rate (PPR), in N2, sir-2.1, daf-16, or daf-16/daf-2 mutants. Hyperglycaemia (2% glucose) reversed or reduced the PWB effect on IFD in N2 or daf-16/daf-2 mutants with a sustained PPR. mRNA expression of cpt-1, cpt-2, ckr-1, and gcy-8 were dose-dependently reduced in N2 or daf-16 mutants, elevated in daf-16/daf-2 mutants with reduction in cpt-1, and unchanged in sir-2.1 mutants. mRNA expressions were increased by hyperglycaemia in N2 or daf-16/daf-2 mutants, while reduced in sir-2.1 or daf-16 mutants. The effects of PWB in the C. elegans model appeared to be primarily mediated via sir-2.1, daf-16, and daf-16/daf-2. These data suggest that PWB and β-glucans may benefit hyperglycaemia-impaired lipid metabolism.

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“…In a 2006 study, self-reported service members’ health behaviors met or exceeded 7 of the 19 HP2010 objectives assessed, including those related to obesity and exercise [19]. Kress and colleagues assessed HP2010 objectives among military retirees and their spouses and found that fewer retirees and beneficiaries met obesity, exercise, substance use, and healthy eating objectives than national target percentages [20]. Being male, having less than a college degree, and less-than-excellent self-reported health status were associated with a lower likelihood of meeting the objectives [20, 21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of military life experiences and health indicators among military spouses

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThe health and well-being of military spouses directly contribute to a robust military force by enabling the spouse to better support the active duty member’s career. In order to understand the overall health and well-being of military spouses, we assessed health indicators among military spouses using the Healthy People 2020 framework and examined associations of these health indicators with military experiences and psychosocial factors.MethodsUsing data from the Millennium Cohort Family Study, a U.S. Department of Defense-sponsored survey of 9872 spouses of service members with 2–5 years of military service, we examined attainment of Healthy People 2020 goals for spouses and service members, including healthy weight, exercise, sleep, and alcohol and tobacco use. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations of spouse health indicators with stressful military life experiences and social support, adjusting for demographics and military descriptors. The spousal survey was administered nationwide in 2011.ResultsThe majority of military spouses met each health goal assessed. However, less than half met the healthy weight and the strength training goals. Reporting greater perceived family support from the military was associated with better behavioral health outcomes, while having no one to turn to for support was associated with poorer outcomes. Using the Healthy People 2020 objectives as a framework for identifying key health behaviors and benchmarks, this study identified factors, including military-specific experiences, that may contribute to physical health behaviors and outcomes among military spouses. With respect to demographic characteristics, the findings are consistent with other literature that women are more likely to refrain from risky substance use and that greater education is associated with better overall health outcomes.ConclusionsFindings suggest that enhanced social and military support and tailored programming for military spouses may improve health outcomes and contribute to the well-being of military couples. Such programming could also bolster force readiness and retention.

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Status of U.S. Military Retirees and Their Spouses toward Achieving Healthy People 2010 Objectives

Abstract: Health-promotion interventions are needed to improve the health status of this population and to achieve the goals set forth in Healthy People 2010.

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Oat consumption reduced intestinal fat deposition and improved health span in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Prowashonupana barley dietary fibre reduces body fat and increases insulin sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Association of military life experiences and health indicators among military spouses

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