Steady and Temporary Expressions of Smooth Muscle Actin in Hair, Vibrissa, Arrector Pili Muscle, and Other Hair Appendages of Developing Rats

Morioka, Kazuyuki; Arai, Mary Needler; Ihara, Setsunosuke

doi:10.1267/ahc.11013

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…10,11 The APM connects the bulge region of a permanent portion of the hair follicle to the dermis and is innervated by adrenergic neurons, which are classified as sympathetic neurons. 12,13 Recently, it was reported that the embryonic hair follicle bud could function as a guide for migration of sense neurons in vivo and in vitro and that nephronectin-expressing follicular epithelial stem cells provide the niche for APM development and define the positioning of the follicular muscular junction. 10,14 However, functional restoration and re-innervation of APM of adult hair follicles are poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single follicular unit transplantation reconstructs arrector pili muscle and nerve connections and restores functional hair follicle piloerection

Sato

Toyoshima

Toki

et al. 2012

The Journal of Dermatology

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The autologous transplantation of hair follicles that have been separated into single follicular units is an accepted treatment for androgenetic alopecia. Recent studies demonstrate that the multiple stem cell populations and surrounding cutaneous tissues coordinately regulate the hair follicle functions and skin homeostasis. Therefore, the critical issues for consideration regarding functional hair restoration therapy are reproduction the correct connectivity and cooperation with host cutaneous tissues, including the arrector pili muscle (APM) and nerve system. We report successful establishment of mouse single follicular transplantation model and autonomous restoration of transplanted hair follicle piloerection in mouse skin. Transplanted hair follicles were responsive to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and formed proper connections with surrounding host tissues such as APM and nerve fibers, which in turn connect with not only the hair follicle bulge region but also the APM. These results demonstrate that the piloerection ability of transplanted hair follicles can be estimated quantitatively. This study makes a substantial contribution towards the development of transplantation therapy that will facilitate future functional regeneration therapy for skin and skin appendages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single follicular unit transplantation reconstructs arrector pili muscle and nerve connections and restores functional hair follicle piloerection

Sato

Toyoshima

Toki

et al. 2012

The Journal of Dermatology

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“…3 F and is positive for γ-SMA, and is also positive for γ-CYA ( Fig. 3 C), α-SKA [ 22 ], and α-SMA [ 21 ]. The sections in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous results showed that α-SMA expression in the arrector pili muscle of the rat had been mostly observed during the neonatal period [ 21 ]. The present experiment shows that γ-SMA became detectable in the arrector pili muscle of the neonatal rat on day 2 after birth as designated by arrows a in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several paraffin blocks obtained from different littermate groups were used for one series of experiments. The preparation of samples, and the methods of immunohistochemistry were performed as described before [ 21 ]. In brief, dorsal skins and mystacial pads of fetal, neonatal and adult animals were fixed in 10% formalin neutral buffer solution (Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan) for several days at 4°C, dehydrated, and embedded in paraffin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that non-muscle myosin and actin co-localize in the dermal sheath and outer root sheath of the hair follicles as well as in the spinous and granular layers of the skin. We then studied the rise and decay of α-SMA expression in the arrector pili muscle, hair follicle, and other skin tissues [ 21 ]. Our conclusions were that, 1) a strong α-SMA signal in the skin was observed in the lower part of the dermal sheath and outer root sheath in both the hair and vibrissal follicles from fetal to adult stages, 2) vimentin was expressed over the entire height of the dermal sheath, and 3) the strongest α-SMA signal in the arrector pili muscle was observed at 1–2 weeks after birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localizations of γ-Actins in Skin, Hair, Vibrissa, Arrector Pili Muscle and Other Hair Appendages of Developing Rats

Morioka

Takano‐Ohmuro

2016

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Six isoforms of actins encoded by different genes have been identified in mammals including α-cardiac, α-skeletal, α-smooth muscle (α-SMA), β-cytoplasmic, γ-smooth muscle (γ-SMA), and γ-cytoplasmic actins (γ-CYA). In a previous study we showed the localization of α-SMA and other cytoskeletal proteins in the hairs and their appendages of developing rats (Morioka K., et al. (2011) Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 44, 141–153), and herein we determined the localization of γ type actins in the same tissues and organs by immunohistochemical staining. Our results indicate that the expression of γ-SMA and γ-CYA is suggested to be poor in actively proliferating tissues such as the basal layer of the epidermis and the hair matrix in the hair bulb, and as well as in highly keratinized tissues such as the hair cortex and hair cuticle. In contrast, the expression of γ-actins were high in the spinous layer, granular layer, hair shaft, and inner root sheath, during their active differentiations. In particular, the localization of γ-SMA was very similar to that of α-SMA. It was located not only in the arrector pili muscles and muscles in the dermis, but also in the dermal sheath and in a limited area of the outer root sheath in both the hair and vibrissal follicles. The γ-CYA was suggested to be co-localized with γ-SMA in the dermal sheath, outer root sheath, and arrector pili muscles. Sparsely distributed dermal cells expressed both types of γ-actin. The expression of γ-actins is suggested to undergo dynamic changes according to the proliferation and differentiation of the skin and hair-related cells.

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Expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, stem-cell markers and proliferating cell markers in rat whisker hair follicles

et al. 2015

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The rat whisker hair follicle (HF) is a model for studying the reconstruction of the HF or dermal papilla (DP), and involves the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is a key pathway in HF development and HF cycling after birth. It has been reported that Wnt/catenin signaling plays an indispensable role in human or rat pelages development and postnatal growth. However, the distribution of some Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway factors and their relationship with the epithelial stem cell markers in whisker follicles has not been characterized. In this study, we investigated the immunolocalization of Wnt/catenin signaling pathway members, including Wnt10b, Wnt10a, Wnt5a, β-catenin, and downstream lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) and transcription factor 3 (TCF3), as well as, HF stem-cell markers CD34, CK15 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein, in rat anagen phase whisker follicles. β-catenin, Wnt5a, Wnt10b, Wnt10a, LEF1, and TCF3 were expressed in the outer root sheath (ORS), inner root sheath, matrix and hair shaft of anagen follicles. β-catenin, Wnt10b, LEF1, and TCF3 were highly expressed and Wnt5a and Wnt10a weakly expressed in DP and dermal sheath (DS) regions. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin was strong in the lower DS and it was also detected in some DP cells. CD34, CK15 and PCNA were all expressed in the ORS; and CD34 and PCNA were also detected in the matrix, however CD34 was extensively expressed in DP and DS regions. Our studies located the position of Wnts, downstream LEF1 and TCF3 and stem cell marker proteins, which provide new information in understanding the role of the Wnt singaling pathway in whisker follicles' growth.

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Steady and Temporary Expressions of Smooth Muscle Actin in Hair, Vibrissa, Arrector Pili Muscle, and Other Hair Appendages of Developing Rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Single follicular unit transplantation reconstructs arrector pili muscle and nerve connections and restores functional hair follicle piloerection

Single follicular unit transplantation reconstructs arrector pili muscle and nerve connections and restores functional hair follicle piloerection

Localizations of γ-Actins in Skin, Hair, Vibrissa, Arrector Pili Muscle and Other Hair Appendages of Developing Rats

Expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, stem-cell markers and proliferating cell markers in rat whisker hair follicles

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