Steady-State Analysis of Maximum Photovoltaic Penetration Levels on Typical Distribution Feeders

Hoke, Andy; Butler, R. W.; Hambrick, Joshua; Kroposki, Benjamin

doi:10.1109/tste.2012.2225115

Cited by 228 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The undesirable impacts of high percentages of PV integration call for the study to determine the circuit's PV hosting capacity [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Given a large number of potential PV deployment scenarios, researchers have primarily looked into simulation-based frameworks [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given a large number of potential PV deployment scenarios, researchers have primarily looked into simulation-based frameworks [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Most of these methods either used a simplified feeder model [13][14][15] or simulated PV systems at only at a few specific locations [13][14][15].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature, several methods have been proposed to determine the feeder's maximum PV penetration limits [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. These methods are briefly discussed in Section 1.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Voltage Control Methods on Distribution Circuit’s Photovoltaic (PV) Integration Limits

Dubey

2017

Inventions

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Abstract:The widespread integration of photovoltaic (PV) units may result in a number of operational issues for the utility distribution system. The advances in smart-grid technologies with better communication and control capabilities may help to mitigate these challenges. The objective of this paper is to evaluate multiple voltage control methods and compare their effectiveness in mitigating the impacts of high levels of PV penetrations on distribution system voltages. A Monte Carlo based stochastic analysis framework is used to evaluate the impacts of PV integration, with and without voltage control. Both snapshot power flow and time-series analysis are conducted for the feeder with varying levels of PV penetrations. The methods are compared for their impacts on (1) the feeder's PV hosting capacity; (2) the number of voltage violations and the magnitude of the largest bus voltage; (3) the net reactive power demand from the substation; and (4) the number of switching operations of feeder's legacy voltage support devices i.e., capacitor banks and load tap changers (LTCs). The simulation results show that voltage control help in mitigating overvoltage concerns and increasing the feeder's hosting capacity. Although, the legacy control solves the voltage concerns for primary feeders, a smart inverter control is required to mitigate both primary and secondary feeder voltage regulation issues. The smart inverter control, however, increases the feeder's reactive power demand and the number of LTC and capacitor switching operations. For the 34.5-kV test circuit, it is observed that the reactive power demand increases from 0 to 6.8 MVAR on enabling Volt-VAR control for PV inverters. The total number of capacitor and LTC operations over a 1-year period also increases from 455 operations to 1991 operations with Volt-VAR control mode. It is also demonstrated that by simply changing the control mode of capacitor banks, a significant reduction in the unnecessary switching operations for the capacitor banks is observed.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Voltage Control Methods on Distribution Circuit’s Photovoltaic (PV) Integration Limits

Dubey

2017

Inventions

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“…As same to [6], V-P and V-Q sensitivities can contribute to determine maximum allowable power, the voltage regulator devices can decrease the overvoltage caused by DG [9]. Energy losses and technical indexes taking into account several technical issues related to the interconnection of DG, limit the DG penetration level to 40-50% [10].In consideration the work day, Saturday and Sunday, the difference between load curves makes the actual limit penetration the most restrictive [11] The various methods have different penetration level, the feeder voltages stay within ANSI Range A leads to the 30% penetration level.…”

Section: Static Security Constraints Determine Penetration Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on penetration level of distributed generation in distribution network

Su¹,

Liu²,

Bai³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the First International Conference on Information Sciences, Machinery, Materials and Energy

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Abstract. To ensure safety and stability of distribution network, the maximum allowable capacity of DG has a certain limit. The maximum allowable capacity can be defined penetration level. The paper first analyses the influence caused by DG on power flow, network loss, node voltage, power quality, current protection and anti-islanding, then introduces some typical evaluation methods for penetration level of distributed generation in distribution network, these methods and conclusions can provide some references for DG planning.

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“…The traditional neutral current problem is worsening with an unbalanced allocation of numerous rooftop PV units at the LV distribution level [2]. Studies on PV penetration trends in the power industry in USA [3], Europe [4], and Australia [5] show that high PV penetration is already a concern because of its impact on the network operation including voltage rise [6] and protection issues [7], and therefore, investigations are being conducted to determine the maximum PV penetration level [8]. The rise of neutral voltage caused by the flow of neutral current through neutral grounding impedances is a significant manifestation of the increased neutral current caused by the combined effect of load and PV unbalance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Energy Storage for Neutral Voltage Rise Mitigation in Four-Wire Multigrounded LV Feeders With Unbalanced Solar PV Allocation

Alam

Muttaqi

Sutanto

2015

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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, "Community energy storage for neutral voltage rise mitigation in four-wire multigrounded LV feeders with unbalanced solar PV allocation," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 6, (6) pp. 2845Grid, vol. 6, (6) pp. -2855Grid, vol. 6, (6) pp. , 2015 Community energy storage for neutral voltage rise mitigation in four-wire multigrounded LV feeders with unbalanced solar PV allocation AbstractThe traditional neutral voltage problem in low-voltage (LV) four-wire multigrounded distribution networks can be aggravated due to an unbalanced allocation of one-phase photovoltaic (PV) units. Inherent limitations restrict the performance of the traditional strategies to mitigate the combined effect of load and PV unbalance. To overcome the shortcoming of traditional approaches, a new dynamic mitigation approach using community energy storage (CES) is proposed in this paper. A power balancing algorithm is developed to perform the balancing operation while minimizing power drawn from the CES. A charge/discharge control strategy is developed that will continuously balance and dynamically adjust the power exchange with the grid in a real time, and mitigate the neutral current and neutral voltage rise. To investigate the applicability of the proposed approach under physical time delays associated with battery and PV systems, a suitable dynamic model is developed. An Australian LV distribution system is used to verify the proposed approach under daylong variations of load and PV, and also during short-term variations of PV output caused by cloud passing. NOMENCLATURE i, p, kIndex for bus, phase, and time instant, respectively.

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Steady-State Analysis of Maximum Photovoltaic Penetration Levels on Typical Distribution Feeders

Cited by 228 publications

References 12 publications

Impacts of Voltage Control Methods on Distribution Circuit’s Photovoltaic (PV) Integration Limits

Impacts of Voltage Control Methods on Distribution Circuit’s Photovoltaic (PV) Integration Limits

Research on penetration level of distributed generation in distribution network

Community Energy Storage for Neutral Voltage Rise Mitigation in Four-Wire Multigrounded LV Feeders With Unbalanced Solar PV Allocation

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