Steady‐State and Dynamic Bioanalysis using Carbon Quantum Dot‐based Luminescence Probes

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with excellent biocompatibility, tunable emission and designable surface composition have been widely applied for luminescent sensing of diverse biological targets. In addition to homogeneous bioanalysis, dynamic bioanalysis of biological analytes is also achieved with the combination of single-particle imaging technique. In this review, we majorly conclude the recently adopted steady-state and dynamic bioanalysis based on CQD luminescence probes. The synthesis and lumines-cence mechanism of CQDs is first introduced. Regarding the CQD-based luminescent bioanalysis, sensing principles and tactics are provided. The steady-state bioanalysis systems are discussed according to the targets. Dynamic bioanalysis platforms are concluded in two aspects: time-dependent accumulation and real-time dynamics. This review ends with the discussion of challenges and future trends of CQD probebased luminescent bioanalysis.

Entropy modulation strategy of P2-type layered transition metal oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries with a high performance

“…Compared with the O3-type material, the P2-type Na x TMO 2 has a more stable structure and higher ionic conductivity. [20][21][22] P2-type Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O 2 (NNMO), as a representative manganese-based layered oxide cathode, shows a high theoretical specic capacity (173 mA h g −1 ) and high average discharge voltage (3.6 V). 23 Due to the existence of the Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ redox couple, it undergoes a series of phase transitions from P2 to O2 structures during charge and discharge processes, which results in severe capacity attenuation during the cycle.…”

Fluorescent carbon nanodot-based rapid cell nucleus staining and application for diagnosis

“…According to the fitting, the lifetime was calculated to be 10.6 ns, which is longer than many reported values of CDs [ 45 ]. It is reported that the surface state and surface functional groups are important to the fluorescence behavior of CDs, and the abundant C–O/C–N/C=N groups in high oxidation state may produces more of smaller energy gaps and induce diverse electron transition pathways [ 26 ]. To understand the surface composition, the FT-IR spectra of PD-CDs were obtained.…”

Research Progress and Modification Measures of Anode and Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…The theoretical energy density of the cathode material is the upper limit of the energy density of the battery cell, and the cathode material affects the power density of the SIBs by affecting the ability to accommodate sodium ions and the fluency of the transmission channel. [69][70][71] At the same time, the loss of active substances in the cathode material and the impurity composition will affect the life of the battery. At present, the mainstream cathode materials for SIBs mainly include transition metal oxide materials, polyanionic materials and prussian blue materials.…”