Steady-State Operation of High CW Power Circulator: Challenges and Solutions through Simulation and Experiments

Jain, Yogesh M.; Sharma, P. K.; Ambulkar, Kirankumar; Parmar, Pramod R.; Jadhav, Aviraj R.; Dixit, Harish V.

doi:10.1109/tps.2020.2984973

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Their maximum power handling can be determined by the heating in the materials (related to the conductor, dielectric, and magnetic losses), which limits the average power handling capability, and by the dielectric breakdown field strength (related to the maximum peak voltage that the dielectric can withstand under the worst conditions) which limits the peak power handling capability [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67]. Circulators destined for operation in space or other highvacuum applications may be susceptible to multipaction and other problems, such as nonlinear effects in the material [43], [44]. An excessive peak power leads to corona and arcing, due to the high voltage that can be present.…”

Section: Power Handling Capability Of the Circulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Power handling and waveguide circulators were studied in [38], [39], [40], [41], and [42]. Waveguide circulators have high power handling than strip-line circulators and suitable for high power application, but at low frequencies they become large structures and special mechanical design and multipaction analyses are needed to ensure proper operation and remove thermal energy from the materials [43], [44], [45], [46], [47]. More literature on power handling capabilities have been studied and applied for directional couplers, filters, and waveguide circulators, but not for Y-junction strip-line circulators [48], [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Khim

Cheab²,

Soeung

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article, Y-junction strip-line circulators are designed using an enhanced closed form solution consisting of unified key equations and a flowchart design, which serves as a direct procedure for designing a ferrite circulator. This design methodology is combined with a 3D EM simulation that allows for the calculation of the saturation magnetization, uniform biasing, and ferrite dimensions needed for a circulator to operate in both modes. In addition, the closed form can be used to calculate the Y-junction parameters and allow the matching network to be calculated and the uniform circulator biasing design ended. Our analysis starts with the ferrite calculation to ensure that it is uniformly biased magnetically, and this is followed by strip-line design, Y-junction matching, and biasing circuit design. Using fullwave electromagnetic (EM), HFSS and magnetostatic (MS), Maxwell3D simulations, several key design parameters such as the saturation magnetization, coupling angle, and various external permanent magnetic biases are investigated. To validate the proposed concept, two strip-line circulators are designed and fabricated for operation in wide-bandwidth and narrow-bandwidth applications. Good agreement is found between the simulated and experimental responses for the S-parameters of the circulators. We also present a semi-analytical analysis of the concept of breakdown, which enables calculation of the peak power and total thermal rise in the strip-line structure. The average power handling capability of a strip-line circulator is studied for the first time. The proposed closed form expressions can also be implemented in various ferrite circulators using different guiding technologies for millimeter-wave applications.

show abstract

Section: Power Handling Capability Of the Circulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Khim

Cheab²,

Soeung

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A tunable microwave circulator based on a magnetized plasma as an active gyrotropic element

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration of a microwave circulator that uses a magnetized plasma as the gyrotropic element. Unlike traditional circulators that exploit the anisotropic permeability of ferrite, here, we exploit the anisotropic dielectric constant of a magnetized plasma to achieve non-reciprocity. The advantage of a plasma-loaded circulator is that it allows for tunability, and modulation that is limited in speed by the ionization/recombination time of the plasma. The theoretical analysis treats the problem of electromagnetic scattering from a heterogeneous gyrotropic plasma rod to confirm scattering behavior and to guide in defining the design parameter space covered by more detailed computational simulations. Proof-of-concept experiments are carried out using a custom-fabricated low-frequency gas discharge tube as the plasma element. Here, we confirm the plasma-frequency dependent tunability predicted by the simulations, demonstrating this tunability in the experiments by varying the applied discharge voltage. These initial experiments suggest that isolation in excess of 25 dB is achievable, in reasonable agreement with the theory and simulations for studies in the S and C ranges of the microwave spectrum.

show abstract

Design and Simulation of 3.7-GHz, 8-kW CW, and 16-kW CW Magnetrons for LHCD System of Tokamaks

Jadhav

Jelonnek

Tuckley

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Electron Devices

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Steady-State Operation of High CW Power Circulator: Challenges and Solutions through Simulation and Experiments

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

A tunable microwave circulator based on a magnetized plasma as an active gyrotropic element

Design and Simulation of 3.7-GHz, 8-kW CW, and 16-kW CW Magnetrons for LHCD System of Tokamaks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About