Steady-state pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in plasma from patients with nosocomial pneumonia: penetration of the bronchial mucosa

Abstract

A 30-min intravenous (i.v.) infusion of 200 mg of ciprofloxacin was administered twice daily to 12 patients with nosocomial pneumonia scheduled to undergo diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin were examined at the presumed steady state after 5 days of treatment. Eleven successive plasma samples were collected in the interval from 0 to 12 h after administration, and bronchial mucosa samples were taken 2 h after administration. Concentrations of drug in all samples were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. The results showed that the kinetics in plasma did not differ from those determined previously in healthy volunteers. The mean concentrations in plasma peaked at 4.94 ± 2.90 mg/liter at the end of infusion. The terminal half-life was 4.95 ± 2.81 h, and the mean residence time 6.13 ± 3.17 h. A large volume of distribution was calculated: 2.59 ± 1.43 liters/kg. Mean total body clearance was 23.3 ± 10

Comparative serum bactericidal activities of three doses of ciprofloxacin administered intravenously

“…DISCUSSION We elected to recruit hospitalized patients for our study because they better represent the population in which intravenous ciprofloxacin might be used than do young volunteers. The pharmacokinetic values generated are similar to those previously reported in some studies (1,11) and differ from those described in others (20). The higher Cm.…”

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Aerosolized Antibacterial Agents in Chronically Infected Cystic Fibrosis Patients

“…Concentrations of ciprofloxacin in lung tissue homogenates or ELF are as high as 15 to 29 mg/liter (Table 2) (144)(145)(146)(147)(148).…”

Development of a population pharmacokinetic model and optimal sampling strategies for intravenous ciprofloxacin

“…The drug exhibits linear pharmacokinetics at doses of 25 to 400 mg. In contrast to those from healthy volunteers (6,9,12,15,22,32) or stable patients with renal insufficiency (9,32), very few usable data (10,16,20,23,33) have been published for any target populations. Also, there are no pharmacokinetic data derived from patients receiving doses of 400 mg every 8 h, a regimen currently being studied for severe infections.…”