Steam condensation on electroplated gold: Effect of plating thickness

Woodruff, David W.; Westwater, J. W.

doi:10.1016/0017-9310(79)90066-8

Cited by 56 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Results from a study of condensation on gold films of various thicknesses (19) are summarized in Figure 3. In the tests, steam was allowed to condense at atmospheric pressure on the 25.4 mm diameter face of a vertical copper disc, cooled with water at the opposite face.…”

Section: Condensation On Gold Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold surfaces for condensation heat transfer

Westwater

1981

Gold Bull

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Section: Condensation On Gold Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold surfaces for condensation heat transfer

Westwater

1981

Gold Bull

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“…While this mode which is known as filmwise condensation 14 ( Figure 1a) is quite common, the formation of a liquid film is not desired due to the large resistance to heat transfer. Meanwhile, if a surface is coated with a low-energy non-wetting 'promoter' material (i.e., long chain fatty acid, wax, polymer coating, self-assembled monolayer) [15][16][17][18][19] , or if it naturally adsorbs hydrocarbons and impurities on its surface from the surroundings (as in the case of gold, silver, and chromium) [20][21][22] , the vapor forms discrete liquid droplets ranging in size from microns to millimeters [23][24][25] . This process is known as dropwise condensation 26 ( Figure 1b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensation heat transfer on superhydrophobic surfaces

2013

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(150 words max)Condensation is a phase change phenomenon often encountered in nature and industry for applications including power generation, thermal management, desalination, and environmental control. For the past eight decades, researchers have focused on creating surfaces allowing condensed droplets to be easily removed by gravity for enhanced heat transfer performance.Recent advancements in nanofabrication have enabled increased control of surface structuring for the development of superhydrophobic surfaces with even higher droplet mobility, and in some cases, coalescence-induced droplet jumping. Here, we provide a review of new insights gained to tailor superhydrophobic surfaces for enhanced condensation heat transfer considering the role of surface structure, nucleation density, droplet morphology, and droplet dynamics.Furthermore, we identify challenges and new opportunities to advance these surfaces for broad implementation into thermo-fluidic systems.

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“…The main problem associated with coating techniques for promoting dropwise condensation is the durability of the coating. Over the past few decades, considerable attention has been paid toward the development of suitable DWC promoters [3,4]. DWC can be promoted by (i) Applying suitable organic promoter to the condensation surface,…”

Section: Condensation Heat Transfer Enhancing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have tested for a number of sulfided metal surfaces and found out that a sample of sulfided silver on mild steel showed excellent dropwise condensation for more than 10,000 hrs. Extensive condensation studies were made by Erb and Thelen [3], Woodruff and Westwater [4][5][6], using noble metal-plated surfaces such as silver, gold, rhodium, palladium, chromium, and platinum. Gold and silver have been to known to consistently show xcellent dropwise characteristics.…”

Section: Analy L Study Of Modeling Of Dropwise Condensatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Heat Exchangers Using Tunable Nanoscale-Molecular Assembly

Bell¹,

Vemuri²,

Govindaraju³

2004

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Steam condensation heat transfer on smooth horizontal tubes and enhanced tubes (TURBO-CDI and TURBO-CSL) along with nanoscale hydrophobic coated tubes was studied experimentally. Hydrophobic coatings have been created through selfassembled mono layers (SAMs) on copper alloy (99.9% Cu, 0.1% P) surfaces to enhance steam condensation through dropwise condensation. In general, a SAM system with a long-chain, hydrophobic group is nano-resistant, meaning that such a system forms a protective hydrophobic layer with negligible heat transfer resistance but a much stronger bond. When compared to complete filmwise condensation, the SAM coating on a plain tube increased the condensation heat transfer rate by a factor of 3 for copper alloy surfaces, under vacuum pressure (33.86 kPa) and by a factor of about 8 times when operated at atmospheric pressure (101 kPa). Lifetime of maintaining dropwise condensation is greatly dependent on the processing conditions.

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Steam condensation on electroplated gold: Effect of plating thickness

Cited by 56 publications

References 9 publications

Gold surfaces for condensation heat transfer

Gold surfaces for condensation heat transfer

Condensation heat transfer on superhydrophobic surfaces

Advanced Heat Exchangers Using Tunable Nanoscale-Molecular Assembly

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