Stearoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase Mutations Uncover an Impact of Stearic Acid in Leaf and Nodule Structure

Lakhssassi, Naoufal; Colantonio, Vincent; Flowers, Nicholas D.; Zhou, Zhou; Henry, Jason S.; Liu, Shiming; Meksem, Khalid

doi:10.1104/pp.16.01929

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…More deleterious alleles of SACPD‐C or additional variant genes influencing the accumulation of stearic acid may elevate stearic acid to the desired levels, with or without the high oleic acid trait. Recent research has demonstrated large effects on nodule development when seed stearic acid levels are altered, so achieving the threshold in soybeans without ultimately sacrificing yield may be problematic (Gillman et al, ; Lakhssassi et al, ). The two major quantitative trait loci besides the null allele of SACPD‐C contributing to greater than 20% stearic acid levels from soybean breeding line A6 have not yet been evaluated in a high oleic acid background (Heim & Gillman, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of the Soybean Seed High Oleic Acid Oil Trait With Other Fatty Acid Modifications

Bilyeu

Škrabišová

Allen

et al. 2018

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Oil value is determined by the functional qualities imparted from the fatty acid profile. Soybean oil historically had excellent use in foods and industry; the need to increase the stability of the oil without negative health consequences has led to a decline in soybean oil use. One solution to make the oil stable is to have high oleic acid (>70%) and lower linolenic acid content in the oil. Other fatty acid profile changes are intended to target market needs: low‐saturated fatty acid and high stearic acid content in the oil. The objective of this study is to determine the interaction of the high oleic acid oil trait with other alleles controlling fatty acid profiles. Soybean lines containing high oleic acid allele combinations plus other fatty acid modifying alleles were produced, and the seed was produced in multiple field environments over 2 years. Stable high oleic acid with low linolenic acid (<3.0%) was achieved with a 4‐allele combination. The target of >20% stearic acid in the seed oil was not achieved. Reducing total saturated fatty acids below 7% in a high oleic acid background was possible with mutant alleles of both an acyl‐ACP thioesterase B and a β‐ketoacyl‐[acyl‐carrier‐protein] synthase III gene. The results identified allele combinations that met the target fatty acid profile thresholds and were most stable across environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of the Soybean Seed High Oleic Acid Oil Trait With Other Fatty Acid Modifications

Bilyeu

Škrabišová

Allen

et al. 2018

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…Thus, neofunctionalized SACPD gene copies in oleaster are likely also responsible for the differences in oleic-and linoleic-acid contents of olive and sesame (19,30). Recently, it was observed that mutations in the soybean SACPD-C gene promote higher accumulation of leaf stearic-acid content, as well as changes in leaf structure and morphology (31). Therefore, SACPD1 and 2, which are highly expressed in leaves, might be related with leaf morphology as well as oleicacid accumulation in fruit with overexpressed levels of SACPD7 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of wild olive and the evolution of oil biosynthesis

Ünver

Wu²,

Sterck

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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234

265

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SignificanceWe sequenced the genome and transcriptomes of the wild olive (oleaster). More than 50,000 genes were predicted, and evidence was found for two relatively recent whole-genome duplication events, dated at about 28 and 59 million years ago. Whole genome sequencing, as well as gene expression studies, provide further insights into the evolution of oil biosynthesis, and will aid future studies aimed at further increasing the production of olive oil, which is a key ingredient of the healthy Mediterranean diet and has been granted a qualified health claim by FDA. 5 AbstractHere, we present the genome sequence and annotation of the wild olive tree (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), called oleaster, which is considered an ancestor of cultivated olive trees. More than 50,000 protein-coding genes were predicted, a majority of which could be anchored to 23 pseudo-chromosomes obtained through a newly constructed genetic map. The oleaster genome contains signatures of two Oleaceae-lineage specific paleopolyploidy events, dated at approximately 28 and 59 million years ago. These events contributed to the expansion and neofunctionalization of genes and gene families that play important roles in oil biosynthesis.The functional divergence of oil biosynthesis pathway genes, such as FAD2, SACPD, EAR and ACPTE, following duplication, has been responsible for the differential accumulation of oleic and linoleic acids produced in olive compared to sesame, a closely related oil crop. Duplicated oleaster FAD2 genes are regulated by a short-interfering RNA (siRNA) derived from a transposable element-rich region, leading to suppressed levels of FAD2 gene expression.Additionally, neofunctionalization of members of the SACPD gene family has led to increased expression of SACPD2, 3, 5 and 7, consequently resulting in an increased desaturation of steric acid. Taken together, decreased FAD2 expression and increased SACPD expression likely explain the accumulation of exceptionally high levels of oleic acid in olive. The oleaster genome thus provides important insights into the evolution of oil biosynthesis and will be a valuable resource for oil crop genomics. 6 /bodyAs a symbol of peace, fertility, health and longevity, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a socio-economically important oil crop that is widely grown in the Mediterranean Basin.Belonging to the Oleaceae family (order Lamiales), it can biosynthesize essential unsaturated fatty acids and other important secondary metabolites, such as vitamins and phenolic compounds (1). The olive tree is a diploid (2n = 46) allogamous crop that can be vegetatively propagated and live for thousands of years (2). Paleobotanical evidence suggests that olive oil was already produced in the Bronze Age (3). It has been thought that cultivated varieties were derived from the wild olive tree, called oleaster (O. europaea var. sylvestris), in Asia Minor, which then spread to Greece (4). Nevertheless, the exact domestication history of the olive tree is unknown (5). Due to their longevity, oleaster...

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“…Moreover, the development of soybean high‐density markers from large sequencing data sets provides a powerful tool for whole‐genome prediction and selection applications (Patil et al ., ). In SCN resistance, remarkable progress has been made since the cloning of the resistance genes that reside in the two major loci, rhg1 and Rhg4 (Cook et al ., ; Lakhssassi et al ., 2017a; Liu et al ., , 2017) . However, the mechanism of SCN broad‐based resistance and the interaction of these two loci in soybean accessions are still unclear and warrant further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole‐genome re‐sequencing reveals the impact of the interaction of copy number variants of the rhg1 and Rhg4 genes on broad‐based resistance to soybean cyst nematode

Patil

Lakhssassi

Wan

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Soybean cyst nematode ( SCN ) is the most devastating plant‐parasitic nematode. Most commercial soybean varieties with SCN resistance are derived from PI 88788. Resistance derived from PI 88788 is breaking down due to narrow genetic background and SCN population shift. PI 88788 requires mainly the rhg1‐b locus, while ‘Peking’ requires rhg1‐a and Rhg4 for SCN resistance. In the present study, whole genome re‐sequencing of 106 soybean lines was used to define the Rhg haplotypes and investigate their responses to the SCN HG ‐Types. The analysis showed a comprehensive profile of SNP s and copy number variations ( CNV ) at these loci. CNV of rhg1 (Gm SNAP 18) only contributed towards resistance in lines derived from PI 88788 and ‘Cloud’. At least 5.6 copies of the PI 88788‐type rhg1 were required to confer SCN resistance, regardless of the Rhg4 ( Gm SHMT 08 ) haplotype. However, when the Gm SNAP 18 copies dropped below 5.6, a ‘Peking’‐type Gm SHMT 08 haplotype was required to ensure SCN resistance. This points to a novel mechanism of epistasis between Gm SNAP 18 and Gm SHMT 08 involving minimum requirements for copy number. The presence of more Rhg4 copies confers resistance to multiple SCN races. Moreover, transcript abundance of the Gm SHMT 08 in root tissue correlates with more copies of the Rhg4 locus, reinforcing SCN resistance. Finally, haplotype analysis of the Gm SHMT 08 and Gm SNAP 18 promoters inferred additional levels of the resistance mechanism. This is the first report revealing the genetic basis of broad‐based resistance to SCN and providing new insight into epistasis, haplotype‐compatibility, CNV , promoter variation and its impact on broad‐based disease resistance in plants.

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Stearoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase Mutations Uncover an Impact of Stearic Acid in Leaf and Nodule Structure

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

The Interaction of the Soybean Seed High Oleic Acid Oil Trait With Other Fatty Acid Modifications

The Interaction of the Soybean Seed High Oleic Acid Oil Trait With Other Fatty Acid Modifications

Genome of wild olive and the evolution of oil biosynthesis

Whole‐genome re‐sequencing reveals the impact of the interaction of copy number variants of the rhg1 and Rhg4 genes on broad‐based resistance to soybean cyst nematode

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