2017
DOI: 10.22329/il.v37i2.4818
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Steering into the Skid: On the Norms of Critical Thinking

Abstract: While cognitive bias is often portrayed as a problem in need of a solution, some have argued that these biases arise from adaptive reasoning heuristics which can be rational modes of reasoning. This presents a challenge: if these heuristics are rational under the right conditions, does teaching critical thinking undermine students' ability to reason effectively in real life reasoning scenarios? I argue that to solve this challenge, we should focus on how rational ideals are best approximated in human reasoners… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…The framework of ecological rationality presents a challenge to debiasing instruction that has been taken up by Jeffrey Maynes (2015Maynes ( , 2017. The concern is that by mitigating heuristic and "biased" strategies, such instruction may actually make agents worse off as reasoners: "If, then, critical thinking education dislodges the habit to use a strategy which is ecologically rational, and instead encourages the use of one which is slower and more error-prone, then that education may actually be harmful" (Maynes 2017, p. 120).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The framework of ecological rationality presents a challenge to debiasing instruction that has been taken up by Jeffrey Maynes (2015Maynes ( , 2017. The concern is that by mitigating heuristic and "biased" strategies, such instruction may actually make agents worse off as reasoners: "If, then, critical thinking education dislodges the habit to use a strategy which is ecologically rational, and instead encourages the use of one which is slower and more error-prone, then that education may actually be harmful" (Maynes 2017, p. 120).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Morales (2014) plantea que el PC hace referencia a ejercicios de cuestionamiento y de valoración, que permiten tomar una posición con respecto a un hecho. Thagard (2011) argumenta que la pedagogía del PC tiene que ser sensible a las ideas de la psicología del razonamiento, ya que las herramientas de la lógica formal e informal no bastan para inculcar el PC y evitar los sesgos cognitivos que pueden suceder cuando el sujeto automatiza sus estrategias lo que produce resultados mejores o deficientes si el costo cognitivo incrementa (Maynes, 2017;Mercier & Sperber, 2011). Se consideran los sesgos como la tendencia al razonamiento erróneo respecto a la probabilidad y la evaluación de evidencia (Kruglanski & Gigerenzer, 2011); sin embargo, son evitables al instruir habilidades de regulación enmarcadas en la MC, siendo esta un término amplio que generalmente se refiere al conocimiento sobre la cognición y los procesos cognitivos (Schraw, Olafson, Weibel, & Sewing, 2012).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Así, la MC se ha considerado como el conocimiento científico de la cognición con el fin de mejorar la precisión y eficacia del pensamiento (Laur, 2015). Sumado a lo anterior, Maynes (2017) plantea tres líneas que evidencian la plausibilidad de brindar HM como el monitoreo, la supervisión y el control durante el desarrollo del PC. La primera es que las habilidades requeridas son enseñables, en segundo lugar, existen estrategias exitosas que permiten mitigar el sesgo cognitivo; no obstante, se debe tener las capacidades para identificar cuándo emplearlas.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
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