Stellenwert der endoskopischen retrograden Cholangiopankreatographie, der perkutan-transhepatischen Cholangiographie, der Endosonographie und der endoluminalen Sonographie in der Behandlung des Gallenblasen- und des Gallengangkarzinoms

Abstract

Significance of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography, Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography, Endosonography, and Endoluminal Sonography in the Treatment of Gall Bladder and Bile Duct Cancer Endosonographic findings can confirm the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer and determine the tumor stage. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERC) or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and intraductal ultrasound are mainly performed in the presence of cholestasis. Confirming the diagnosis and stenting can be performed in one session. There are several diagnostic tools necessary in the diagnosis of bile duct cancer. Tumors of the middle and distal part of the extrahepatic bile duct are accessible to endosonography. ERC and PTC are invasive procedures for the diagnosis of bile duct cancer. However, they offer the opportunity to obtain material for cytological and/or histological investigation. Moreover, bile flow can be assured by inserting endoprostheses during the procedure. Cholangioscopy and/or intraductal ultrasonography can be performed during ERC. They confer to the diagnosis of a malignant bile duct tumor and are the most accurate methods to determine the longitudinal spread.