Stem anatomical characters in relation to tree vigour in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Kurian, Reju M.; Iyer, C. P. A.

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(92)90177-e

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Moreover, dwarfed cherry trees had smaller root systems than invigorating ones, as demonstrated in a previous study (Gonçalves et al 2003). These observations are consistent with the view that clonally produced dwarfing rootstocks possess innate factors, such as lower xylem/phloem ratios and changes in xylem vessel anatomy (Simons 1986;Kurian and Iyer 1992), which might explain how they influence shoot behaviour when used in grafted plants. According to Atkinson et al (2003), the development of vascular abnormalities (e.g., the production of excess callus cells in the graft union) may reduce xylem water transport and contribute to the dwarf stature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…IAA is a key leaf-derived regulator of xylem cell differentiation and division within the cambial zone and an initiator of vascular redifferentiation across the graft union (Hess and Sachs 1972;Parkinson and Yeoman 1982;Aloni 1987;Savidge 1988). A reduced flow of IAA to roots could provide an explanation to the lower xylem/phloem ratio presented by the trees grafted on dwarfing rootstocks, compared with trees on invigorating rootstocks (Simons 1986;Kurian and Iyer 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Variation in xylem structure and function in roots and stems of scion–rootstock combinations of sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium L.)

Gonçalves

Correia

Silva

et al. 2006

Trees

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To assess hydraulic architecture and limitations to water transport across scion-rootstock combinations (Prunus avium L. cultivar Van grafted on five differing size-controlling rootstocks: P. avium (vigorous) > CAB 11E > Maxma 14 > Gisela 5 > Edabriz (dwarfing)), we compared xylem anatomy, and calculated relative hydraulic conductivity (RC) and vulnerability index (VI) of roots (small, medium and large diameter) and stems. Water relations, leaf gas exchange and variations in growth were also determined. Roots exhibited larger-diameter xylem conduits (VD), greater RC and VI than stems in all Van-rootstock combinations. Moreover, there was a significantly higher vessel frequency (VF), lower VD, RC and VI in dwarfed trees, especially grafted on Gisela 5 than trees on the invigorating rootstocks, P. avium L., CAB 11E and Maxma 14. Anatomical constraints on water status imposed by the smaller VD (and/or in lower xylem thickness and root system length) of dwarfed trees imply a series of negative feedbacks, like a decrease in RC, stem water potential, leaf gas exchange and growth. On the other hand, Van grafted on CAB 11E and Communicated by M. Zwieniecki

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variation in xylem structure and function in roots and stems of scion–rootstock combinations of sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium L.)

Gonçalves

Correia

Silva

et al. 2006

Trees

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“…The increased percentages of flowered branches for PBZ-treated trees is due to lower expenditure of tree reserves to the vegetative growth parameters and consequently no assimilate limitations. According to Kurian & Iyer (1992), PBZ can considerably enhance the total phenolic content of terminal buds and alter the phloem to xylem ratio of the stem. Such alterations could be important in restricting vegetative growth and enhancing flowering by altering assimilate partitioning and patterns of nutrient supply for new growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclobutrazol suppressed vegetative growth and improved yield as well as fruit quality of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango(Mangifera indica)in Ethiopia

Yeshitela¹,

Robbertse

Stassen

2004

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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The effects of paclobutrazol on the vegetative growth, reproductive development, total nonstructural carbohydrate of the shoots, and nutrient mobilisation to the leaves of 'Tommy Atkins' mango (Mangifera indica) trees grown in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia were evaluated during the 2002/03 season. The trees used were characterised by excessive vegetative growth, erratic flowering, and fruiting with declining productivity that validated the evaluation of paclobutrazol. Uniform trees were selected for a randomised complete block design experiment with two methods (soil and spraying) and four rates of paclobutrazol (0, 2.75, 5.50, 8.25 g a.i. per tree) in factorial combinations. There were three blocks and three trees per plot for each treatment. The results showed that application of paclobutrazol at rates of 5.50 and 8.25 g a.i. per tree both as a soil drench and spray applications were effective in suppressing vegetative growth compared with the control. Consequently, the trees from these treatments had higher total non-structural carbohydrate in their shoots before flowering. Compared with the control, trees treated with paclobutrazol had higher results for percentages of shoots flowering, number of panicles produced, percentages of hermaphrodite flowers, yield as well as quality of the fruit. Applications of paclobutrazol did not affect the leaf macronutrient content levels analysed (N, P, K, and Ca), and with the exception of manganese, the micronutrient (Cu, Zn, and Fe) levels of the treated tree's leaves were significantly higher than the control.

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“…However, because the heat-pulse method is based on 'point' measurement of sap flow velocity [12], it appears that it is difficult to measure sap flow in trees with substantial spatial variability in sapwood, such as kiwifruit vines [11]. Although being without apparent heartwood, the sapwood of mango is quite heterogeneous [14]. Our previous sap flow measurement on mango using the heat-pulse sensors (Greenspan Tech., Australia) showed that sap flow velocity readings would change abruptly when the probe was moved 1-2 mm, which raised the problem of where to position the probe in mango (Lu and Wicks, unpublished).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Granier's sap flux sensor in young mango trees

Lü

Chacko

1998

Agronomie

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-Granier's technique of measuring sap flux density using a continuous heating system was tested on young mango trees. On containerized trees, sap flow underestimated transpiration measured gravimetrically by less than 10 %. In a 4-year-old field-grown tree, there was only a 5 % difference between cumulative summed sap flow in the branches and sap flow in the trunk over a 24-h period. Positioning of the sap flux sensor on the trunk was found to be non-critical for sap flow measurement in trees of diameter of less than 10 cm. Granier's sap flux sensor was sensitive to both slow and abrupt changes in canopy transpiration induced by successive branch girdling, defoliation and excision. A comparison of sap flow in the branches and water uptake by the tree measured using the 'cut-tree method' showed that sap flow method underestimated the actual water uptake by less than 6 %.

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Stem anatomical characters in relation to tree vigour in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

Variation in xylem structure and function in roots and stems of scion–rootstock combinations of sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium L.)

Variation in xylem structure and function in roots and stems of scion–rootstock combinations of sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium L.)

Paclobutrazol suppressed vegetative growth and improved yield as well as fruit quality of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango(Mangifera indica)in Ethiopia

Evaluation of Granier's sap flux sensor in young mango trees

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