Stem cell adhesion and proliferation on hydrolyzed poly(butylene succinate)/β‐tricalcium phosphate composites

Abstract

Although poly(butylene succinate)/β-tricalcium phosphate (PBSu/TCP) composites are biocompatible and allow the growth and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, cell attachment and adhesion to the PBSu-based substrates is often limited. To enhance cell adhesion and proliferation, we used a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) hydrolysis technique to generate a different degree of roughness on PBSu/TCP substrates with different PBSu:TCP ratios. The results showed that NaOH hydrolysis increased surface roughness of PBSu/TCP substrates in a concentration-dependent manner. Substrates with higher ratios of TCP:PBSu provided more porous topography after NaOH hydrolysis, with a substrate containing 40 wt % TCP (PBSu/TCP-6040) hydrolyzed with 1.5M NaOH (HPBSu/TCP-6040-1.5) showing the highest degree of roughness. As with the roughness, PBSu/TCP surface hydrophilicity was positively affected by the increasing NaOH concentration and TCP incorporation. Stem cells adhered best on HPBSu/TCP-6040-1.5 with three-dimensionally elongated cell extensions. Moreover, the HPBSu/TCP-6040-1.5 substrate most significantly facilitated stem cell actin cytoskeleton reorganization and vinculin-positive focal adhesion formation when compared with the other substrates tested. HPBSu/TCP-6040-1.5 also demonstrated the greatest increase in cell proliferation when compared with the other substrates studied. In conclusion, the results have shown that among various substrates tested, HPBSu/TCP-6040-1.5 provided the best support for stem cell adhesion and proliferation, suggesting its potential use in bone engineering.

The effects of poly(dimethylsiloxane) surface silanization on the mesenchymal stem cell fate

“…It is known that a higher roughness profile could provide a higher surface area for the cell-substrate interaction and thus encourage cell adhesion and proliferation. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Although the surface roughness was rather low on the chemically modified PDMS with APTES + Col1 (Fig. 3), the stability of confluent cell layer adhesion was significantly improved.…”

Recent Advances in Bioplastics: Application and Biodegradation

“…PBS polymers, despite their softness and higher elongation at break, could be hindered by their smoothness, in tissue engineering applications. Patntirapong and co-workers [173] promoted a sodium hydroxide hydrolysis of PBS/calcium phosphate composites and saw a concentration-dependent increase of vinculin and actin-reorganization-mediated adhesion of hMSC to be differentiated in osteogenic cells. Liverani and colleagues [174] also used PBS-based polymer electrospun with softer segments of dilinoleic succinate and/or polyglycerol sebacate, creating fully biobased biopolymers.…”

Effects of Polypropylene Carbonate/Poly(d,l-lactic) Acid/Tricalcium Phosphate Elastic Composites on Improving Osteoblast Maturation

“…16 Hydrophilic materials can provide superior support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 28 Also, our biocompatibility assay showed the biocompatibility of the PPTE composite. In bone tissue engineering, a lack of sufficient integration of the implanted material into juxtaposed bone is a major cause for orthopedic implant failure.…”

“…Mammalian cells selectively adhere to hydrophilic materials. 28 Hence, one possible reason explaining why PPTE scaffolds can attract adhesion of mouse osteoblasts is the excellent hydrophilic surfaces of the composites. To express cell activities and consequently construct multicellular structures, cells should primarily attach onto scaffolds and maintain their precise cell morphologies and sizes.…”