Stem Cell-derived Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Supporting Factor Is an Autocrine/Paracrine Survival Factor for Adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells

Abstract

Recent evidence suggests that adult neural stem/progenitor cells (ANSCs) secrete autocrine/paracrine factors and that these intrinsic factors are involved in the maintenance of adult neurogenesis. We identified a novel secretory molecule, stem cell-derived neural stem/ progenitor cell supporting factor (SDNSF), from adult hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells by using the signal sequence trap method. The expression of SDNSF in adult central nervous system was localized to hippocampus including dentate gyrus, where the neurogenesis persists throughout life. In induced neurogenesis status seen in ischemically treated hippocampus, the expression of SDNSF was up-regulated. As functional aspects, SDNSF protein provided a dose-dependent survival effect for ANSC following basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) withdrawal. ANSCs treated by SDNSF also retain self-renewal potential and multipotency in the absence of FGF-2. However, SDNSF did not have mitogenic activity, nor was it a cofactor that promoted the mitogenic effects of FGF-2. These data suggested an important role of SDNSF as an autocrine/paracrine factor in maintaining stem cell potential and lifelong neurogenesis in adult central nervous system.

Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Capability of Human Bone Marrow Cells After Myocardial Infarction

“…From the above, it is reasonable to argue that the transplanted BMCs are likely to stimulate the endogenous regenerative myocardial processes, perhaps through a combination of a paracrine effect that stimulates the expansion, homing, and differentiation of endogenous cardiac stem cells 47 together with differentiation toward cardiac phenotype and regeneration of necrotic myocytes and vascular cells. Our finding that the same BMCs given to the patient are able to graft into the mouse myocardium slices and acquire the phenotype of parenchymal heart cells are consistent with this view.…”

OC29 is preferentially expressed in the presumptive sensory organ region of the otocyst

“…For this purpose, we used the signal sequence trap (SST) method (Tashiro et al, 1993Jacobs et al, 1997), which allowed us to effectively isolate many secreted and membrane proteins with a wide variety of functions (Tashiro et al, 1993;Yabe et al, 1997;Nakamura et al, 1998Nakamura et al, , 1999Kato et al, 2000;Nakashiba et al, 2000;Kobuke et al, 2001;Toda et al, 2003), including a tissue-specific molecule (Michishita et al, 2003).…”

Cardiac Stem Cells and Mechanisms of Myocardial Regeneration

“…However, the removal of these extrinsic signals may not be sufficient for long-term regeneration of the injured organ. Resident stem cells in proximity to the lesion can change the properties of the microenvironment by secreting cytokines that contribute to cell homing, proliferation, and differentiation (50,239,240,291,482). Enhancement of the intrinsic growth reserve of the organ constitutes the foundation of regenerative medicine and regenerative cardiology.…”