Stem Cell Therapies on Pancreatitis

Abstract

Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis 154have long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus are strongly involved not only in the pathogenesis of CP but also in pancreatic cancer. They are located in the periacinar, perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas [ , ].Over the past decades, our understanding of the pathogenesis of pancreatitis has significantly improved. "nimal models including caerulein, taurocholate, L-arginine studies are important in order to understand the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, however none of them are fully satisfactory. It is now widely accepted that "P is triggered by premature activation of proenzymes within pancreatic acinar cells, thereby leading to autodigestion of the pancreas. Esrefoglu et al [ , , ] emphasized the role of oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of careuleininduced pancreatitis. They showed potent therapeutic effects of some antioxidant agents including melatonin, ascorbic acid and N-acetyl cysteine on "P in rats. In fact, in recent years, valuable data on the efficiency of antioxidants against oxidative damage have been obtained from experimental studies with rodents. With the inspiration of the results of these experiments, efficiency of some of these antioxidants has been tried on the patients with "P and found beneficial. However, at present there is insufficient clinical data to support the benefits of antioxidants, alone or in combination with conventional therapy, in the management of "P in humans [ ]. The effects of stem cells transplantation on tissue oxidative stress level have been studied lately. In fact, stem cell transplantation helps to maintain tissue regeneration by replacing the degenerated cells as well as by regulating oxidative stress production. Stem cells have been shown to be able to scavenge reactive oxygene and nitrogen species, and to limit oxidative stress-induced tissue damage [ ]. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells have been found beneficial in a traumatic brain injury in vitro model and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion model decreasing oxidative stress levels by their paracrine effects [ , ]. Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to increase tissue SOD, activity but decrease tissue MD" level on "P in rats [ ].Development of evidence based therapies for pancreatitis has lagged behind advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. Herein, no pharmacologic therapy has been shown to affect disease progression. Several potential reasons for the lack of progress in development of treatments for pancreatitis includes a lack of sustained effort to transition basic science findings into clinical trials and a lack of appropriate preclinical models for testing potential therapeutic agents. In recent years, the efficacy of stem cell transplantation applications is widely investigated in the course of several diseases in experimental animals and also in humans. In pancreatitis, stem cells might recover the damaged pancreatic tissue by their excessive proliferating and differentiating capabilities and regulator...

Evaluating Bovine Umbilical Cord Stem Cells and Glutamine for Hepatic Injury in Acute Pancreatitis

“…Key ndings included the marked inhibition of in ammatory cytokine secretion and the attenuation of pancreatic stellate cell activation. Additionally, these cells exhibited the ability to suppress pancreatitis-induced vesicular cell apoptosis, attributed to the downregulation of the PI3K signaling pathway within pancreatic tissues [23] .Several studies have also demonstrated that ucmscs may be involved in immune regulation to suppress in ammatory factors and reduce tissue brosis [24,25] .…”

Relevance and prospects of application of cellular technologies in the treatment of acute pancreatitis

“…Существует также исследование, которое показывает, что желчные протоки являются источником стволовых клеток для поджелудочной железы, как показано Wang et al [23]. Их исследование показало, что поджелудочная и желчная системы тесно связаны друг с другом и что всегда есть стволовые клетки, которые могут дать начало определенным типам клеток поджелудочной железы, таким как протоки и железы поджелудочной железы [24].…”