Background:Crohn’s disease is a pathological condition that has different options of
treatment, but there are patients who need other therapeutic approach, such
as the use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Aim:Systematic literature review to determine the different ways of
adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells administration in humans with luminal
refractory and perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease. Methods:It was conducted a search for articles (from 2008 to 2018) on PubMed and
ScienceDirect databases using the keywords Crohn’s disease, fistulizing
Crohn’s disease, luminal Crohn’s disease and transplantation of mesenchymal
stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells or stromal cells. Thirteen publications
were selected for analysis. Results:Only one study referred to the luminal Crohn´s disease. The number of cells
administered was variable, occurring mainly through subcutaneous adipose
tissue by liposuction. It could be highlighted the autologous transplant
with exclusive infusion of mesenchymal stem cells. The procedures involved
in pre-transplant were mainly curettage, setons placement and stitching with
absorbable suture, and conducting tests and drug treatment for luminal
Crohn´s disease. During transplant, the injection of mesenchymal stem cells
across the fistula path during the transplant was mainly on the intestinal
tract wall. Conclusion:Although the use of mesenchymal stem cells is promising, the transplant on
the luminal region should be more investigated. The injection of mesenchymal
stem cells, exclusively, is more explored when compared to treatment with
other products. The preparation of the fistulizing tract and the location of
cell transplantation involve standardized health care in most studies.