Stemphylium Blight of Onion: A Review

Abstract

Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most important crop grown throughout the world. Onion suffers from many diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and abiotic factors. Among them fungal diseases stemphylium blight is the most serious and devastating disease of onion limiting the quality and quantity of both bulb and seed. The present review is mainly focused on variability associated with Stemphylium vesicarium and its integrated management. Variability studies are important to document the changes occurring in the population and individuals with variability in morphological, cultural and pathogenic characteristics so as to breed the varieties with durable resistance to the stemphylium blight of onion andidentification of source of resistance against the range of virulence present in the pathogen population. Further, management of stemphylium blight of onion through fungicide application is feasible, however, long term usage of fungicides has led to the resistance development in pathogens besides hazardous environmental consequences associated with their use. The most efficient and economical method to mitigate the menace of this disease is therefore, integrated disease management (IDM) approach where other non-chemical ecofriendly management strategies are integrated with chemical methods in order to manage the diseases more efficiently with reduced use of chemicals. Among non-chemical ecofriendly management strategies biological control is gaining interest as an alternative or complement to chemical treatment of the disease. The present review paper deals with distribution, symptomatology, pathogenicity, variability and integrated management.

The use of biological agents in controlling diseases of shallots for tss production

“…Yield loss in shallot plants can be caused by infection with several diseases during the growing period of the crop [4]. Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) disease is a serious disease that attacks leaves, petioles, and flower stalks which will produce seeds [5,6]. Stemphylium disease associated with Alternaria porri is a major disease that can attack flower stalks resulting in broken and rotted flower stalks so that the flowers do not produce capsules.…”

A Bioassay for Testing Garlic Resistance to Leaf Blight Caused by Stemphylium vesicarium

“…마늘에 발생하는 병해는 여러 가지가 보고되어 있는데, 그 중 잎마름병, 녹병 및 흑색썩음균핵병은 마늘에 가장 심각한 피해 를 일으키는 병해이다 (Cho and Yu, 1998;Ryu et al, 2015;Hay et al, 2019). 마늘 잎마름병은 Stemphylium vesicarium에 의해 발생하는데, S. vesicarium은 마늘(A. sativum) 외에도 양파(Allium cepa), leek(Allium ampeloprasum), 파(Allium fistulosum), asparagus(Asparagus officinalis), European pear(Pyrus communis) 등 다양한 기주식물에서 병을 일으킨다 (Hassan et al, 2020). 마늘 잎마름병은 마늘을 재배하는 대부분의 지역에서 발생하고 있으며, 어떤 포장에서는 마늘 잎마름병 으로 인해 마늘 생산량이 약 70% 정도 감소하였다 (Zheng et al, 2010).…”

“…또한, 화학적 방제는 비용이 많이 소요되므로, 오늘날 친환경적 재배를 위해서는 대안으로 저항성 품종을 활용 하는 방법을 가장 선호한다 (Yerasu et al, 2019;Islam et al, 2020a). 저항성 품종의 재배는 식물 병을 관리하는데 가장 안전하 고 효율적인 방법이지만, 아직까지 이러한 저항성 품종의 육종 소재는 거의 알려지지 않았다 (Mishra and Singh, 2019;Hassan et al, 2020;Islam et al, 2020b…”