Stenotrophomonas rhizophila DSM14405T promotes plant growth probably by altering fungal communities in the rhizosphere

Schmidt, Christoph Stephan; Alavi, Mohammadali; Cardinale, Massimiliano; Müller, Henry; Berg, Gabriele

doi:10.1007/s00374-012-0688-z

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In addition to its direct effect, S. rhizophila DSM14405 T is thought to also indirectly promote plant growth through biological control [14]. In the genome, Sr14405 DX03_17135 codes for a putative extracellular chitinase gene, and Sr14405s DX03_03415, DX03_05635, DX03_16295, DX03_17120 are predicted to code for extracellular proteases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stenotrophomonas comparative genomics reveals genes and functions that differentiate beneficial and pathogenic bacteria

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn recent years, the number of human infections caused by opportunistic pathogens has increased dramatically. Plant rhizospheres are one of the most typical natural reservoirs for these pathogens but they also represent a great source for beneficial microbes with potential for biotechnological applications. However, understanding the natural variation and possible differences between pathogens and beneficials is the main challenge in furthering these possibilities. The genus Stenotrophomonas contains representatives found to be associated with human and plant host.ResultsWe used comparative genomics as well as transcriptomic and physiological approaches to detect significant borders between the Stenotrophomonas strains: the multi-drug resistant pathogenic S. maltophilia and the plant-associated strains S. maltophilia R551-3 and S. rhizophila DSM14405T (both are biocontrol agents). We found an overall high degree of sequence similarity between the genomes of all three strains. Despite the notable similarity in potential factors responsible for host invasion and antibiotic resistance, other factors including several crucial virulence factors and heat shock proteins were absent in the plant-associated DSM14405T. Instead, S. rhizophila DSM14405T possessed unique genes for the synthesis and transport of the plant-protective spermidine, plant cell-wall degrading enzymes, and high salinity tolerance. Moreover, the presence or absence of bacterial growth at 37°C was identified as a very simple method in differentiating between pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates. DSM14405T is not able to grow at this human-relevant temperature, most likely in great part due to the absence of heat shock genes and perhaps also because of the up-regulation at increased temperatures of several genes involved in a suicide mechanism.ConclusionsWhile this study is important for understanding the mechanisms behind the emerging pattern of infectious diseases, it is, to our knowledge, the first of its kind to assess the risk of beneficial strains for biotechnological applications. We identified certain traits typical of pathogens such as growth at the human body temperature together with the production of heat shock proteins as opposed to a temperature-regulated suicide system that is harnessed by beneficials.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-482) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stenotrophomonas comparative genomics reveals genes and functions that differentiate beneficial and pathogenic bacteria

et al. 2014

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“…Biological control of pathogens can indirectly result in plant growth promotion [43]. According to the transcriptomic data and the finding that the rpf /DSF-dependent seed germination and plant growth promoting effects are present only in the gnotobiotic soil system, but not the sterile germination pouches, biocontrol can indirectly be involved in causing seed germination and plant growth promotion in oilseed rape by S. maltophilia R551-3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The DSF Quorum Sensing System Controls the Positive Influence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia on Plants

et al. 2013

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The interaction of the Gram-negative bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with eukaryotes can improve overall plant growth and health, but can also cause opportunistic infections in humans. While the quorum sensing molecule DSF (diffusible signal factor) is responsible for the regulation of phenotypes in pathogenic Stenotrophomonas, up until now, no beneficial effects were reported to be controlled by it. Our objective was to study the function of DSF in the plant growth promoting model strain S. maltophilia R551-3 using functional and transcriptomic analyses. For this purpose, we compared the wild-type strain with a mutant deficient in the rpfF (regulation of pathogenicity factors) gene that is essential for the synthesis of DSF. Oilseed rape seeds treated with the wild-type strain showed a statistically significant increase in germination rate compared with those treated with the rpfF mutant. Similarly, the wild-type strain exhibited better plant growth promotion and a greater efficiency in colonizing oilseed rape compared to the mutant strain. Moreover, only the wild-type was capable of forming structured cell aggregates both in vitro and in the rhizosphere, a characteristic mediated by DSF. Gene transcription analyses showed that numerous genes known to play a role in plant colonization (e.g. chemotaxis, cell motility, biofilm formation, multidrug efflux pumps) are controlled by the rpf/DSF system in S. maltophilia. In addition, we detected new potential functions of spermidine, primarily for both growth promotion and stress protection. Overall, our results showed a correspondence between the regulation of DSF and the positive interaction effect with the plant host.

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“…is present in soil, plants and the environment across the world. S. rhizophila is one of the Stenotrophomonas species that can actually be beneficial to plants (33), and it has been reported to have antifungal properties (34, 35). Kai et al (36) reported the volatiles from different Stenotrophomonas strains, but only two compounds, β-phenylethanol, and dodecanal were reported produced by S. rhizophila .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of fungal metabolites from inside Gallus gallus domesticus eggshells by non-invasively detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

et al. 2016

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The natural porosity of eggshells allows hen eggs to become contaminated with microbes from the nesting material and environment. Those microorganisms can later proliferate due to the humid ambient conditions while stored in refrigerators, causing a potential health hazards to the consumer. The microbes’ volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) are released by both fungi and bacteria. We studied mVOCs produced by aging-eggs likely contaminated by fungi and fresh-eggs using the non-invasive detection method of gas-phase sampling of volatiles followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Two different fungal species (Cladosporium macrocarpum and Botrytis cinerea) and two different bacteria species (Stenotrophomas rhizophila and Pseudomonas argentinensis) were identified inside the studied eggs. Two compounds believed to originate from the fungi itself were identified. One fungus-specific compound was found in both egg and the fungi: trichloromethane.

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Stenotrophomonas rhizophila DSM14405T promotes plant growth probably by altering fungal communities in the rhizosphere

Cited by 67 publications

References 58 publications

Stenotrophomonas comparative genomics reveals genes and functions that differentiate beneficial and pathogenic bacteria

Stenotrophomonas comparative genomics reveals genes and functions that differentiate beneficial and pathogenic bacteria

The DSF Quorum Sensing System Controls the Positive Influence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia on Plants

Identification of fungal metabolites from inside Gallus gallus domesticus eggshells by non-invasively detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

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