Step 7: Educates Staff in Nondrug Methods of Pain Relief and Does Not Promote Use of Analgesic, Anesthetic Drugs

Abstract

Step 7 of the Ten Steps of Mother-Friendly Care insures that staff are knowledgeable about nondrug methods of pain relief and that analgesic or anesthetic drugs are not promoted unless required to correct a complication. The rationales for compliance and systematic reviews are presented on massage, hypnosis, hydrotherapy, and the use of opioids, regional analgesia, and anesthesia.Journal of Perinatal Education, 16(1-Supplement), 65S-73S, doi: 10.1624/105812407X173191 Keywords: hypnosis and labor, hypnotherapy and labor, massage and labor, complementary therapies and labor, hydrotherapy and labor, waterbirth, water and birth, nonpharmacological pain management, analgesia and labor, nurses and pain labor, back pain and therapy and labor, movement and labor, posture and labor, maternal satisfaction, complementary therapy, opioids, epidural analgesiaStep 7: Educates staff in nondrug methods of pain relief and does not promote the use of analgesic or anesthetic drugs not specifically required to correct a complication.Step 7: Educates staff in nondrug methods of pain relief: massage, hypnosis, hydrotherapy.For a description and discussion of the methods used to determine the evidence basis of the Ten Steps of Mother-Friendly Care, see this issue's ''Methods'' article by Henci Goer on pages 5S-9S. Nondrug Pain Relief Rationale for Compliance Evidence GradeIn contrast to medication, there is minimal to no risk of adverse side effects from nondrug methods of pain relief. Massage, hypnosis, and hydrotherapy have been shown to provide significant benefits. a In addition, the implementation of comfort measures, cognitive strategies, and other self-efficacy techniques can contribute to a woman's sense of mastery over the birth experience and, therefore, her satisfaction with herself and that experience (Lowe, 2002). Nondrug pain relief methods can be used alone or in conjunction with medicinal modes of pain relief and, as such, should be available to all laboring women in all settings. NEH (Continued )Step 7: Pain Relief | Leslie, Romano, & Woolley 65S (Cyna, 2004;Huntley, 2004;Smith, 2003). Quality: A Quantity:A (2 meta-analyses) Consistency:B (The Smith metaanalysis found no difference in pain relief, although 2 of the 3 individual studies did.) d pain less severe than those not using hypnosis (Cyna, 2004;Huntley, 2004). Quality:greater maternal satisfaction with pain relief (Smith, 2003).A (meta-analysis) Consistency:A d shorter duration of labor (Cyna, 2004). Quality: A Quantity:A (meta-analysis) Consistency:reduced need for augmentation of labor with oxytocin (Cyna, 2004;Smith, 2003). Quality: A Quantity:A (meta-analysis) Consistency:A EXCLUDED STUDIESAndersen, B., Gyghagen, M., & Nielsen, T. (1996). Warm bath during labour. Effects on labour duration and The benefits of continuous labor support from a trained or experienced woman can be found in Step 1 on p. 12S. The benefits of freedom of movement and nonsupine positioning for pushing and birth can be found in Step 4 on pp. 25S-27S. Nondrug methods such as ...

Midwifery in Kansas

“…Low-risk pregnancies are those that are considered to be problem-free, based on a detailed assessment of a woman's past medical, gynecological, and obstetric history, and planned home birth by women with low-risk pregnancies is making a comeback in the United States. 8,[11][12][13][14][15] In two recent reports, MacDorman and colleagues 14,15 noted that the slow but steady decline seen in home births in the United States from 1989 to 2009 has been reversed. Although the majority of women continue to receive care from obstetrician-gynecologists or family practice physicians, 16 data from 2004 to 2009 document a substantial 29% increase in home births.…”