Stepped-Frequency Continuous-Wave Signal Processing Method for Human Detection Using Radars for Sensing Rooms through the Wall

Kozlov, Roman; Gavrilov, K. Yu.; Shevgunov, Timofey; Kirdyashkin, Vladimir

doi:10.3390/inventions7030079

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In case of continuous operation, i.e., with each new phasing of the array, and its results are taken into account automatically, then adaptive RES becomes the subject of discussion [18]. With the development of circuit components, interest in millimeter-wave radars arose [19,20]. Their significant advantage was the reduction in size; an "antenna-on-chip" and an "antenna-in-package" appeared [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Dobychina,

Snastin,

Savchenko

et al. 2023

Inventions

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In this paper, we will discuss a calibration algorithm for a digital antenna array that diagnoses its real performance. It can be applied at such stages of the antenna system life cycle as design, tuning, and especially maintenance. A calibration implementation using a scalar method for a multi-beam digital antenna array is proposed and investigated. On-the-fly calibration ensures a continuous improvement in beam pointing accuracy by reducing internal errors in the receiving (transmitting) channels. The purpose of the study is to experimentally examine the capabilities of digital beamforming to increase the angle-of-arrival estimation accuracy. A simulation model of the receiving antenna was created in an anechoic chamber with a planar antenna positioner. The possibility of precise estimation of the direction of arrival using the digital beamforming with electronic scanning was demonstrated. The proposed simulation model made it possible to observe the convergence of the antenna array calibration process using the proposed method for various errors in the signal paths, as well as different signal-to-noise ratios. It has been proven that even under adverse conditions early in the calibration algorithm, the phase error detection converges with high accuracy, and its value decreases uniformly even to the fractions of an angular degree.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Dobychina,

Snastin,

Savchenko

et al. 2023

Inventions

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“…Some companies already sell cars with occupancy detection radar. In disaster situations, radar is applied to detect peoples’ conditions [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Contact VITAL Signs Monitoring of a Patient Lying on Surgical Bed Using Beamforming FMCW Radar

Lim¹,

Jang²,

Song³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Respiration and heartrates are important information for surgery. When the vital signs of the patient lying prone are monitored using radar installed on the back of the surgical bed, the surgeon’s movements reduce the accuracy of these monitored vital signs. This study proposes a method for enhancing the monitored vital sign accuracies of a patient lying on a surgical bed using a 60 GHz frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system with beamforming. The vital sign accuracies were enhanced by applying a fast Fourier transform (FFT) for range and beamforming which suppress the noise generated at different ranges and angles from the patient’s position. The experiment was performed for a patient lying on a surgical bed with or without surgeon. Comparing a continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar, the FMCW radar with beamforming improved almost 22 dB of signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) for vital signals. More than 90% accuracy of monitoring respiration and heartrates was achieved even though the surgeon was located next to the patient as an interferer. It was analyzed using a proposed vital signal model included in the radar IF equation.

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“…Second-order cyclostationarity, or wide-sense cyclostationarity, appears to be the intrinsic property exhibited by processes generating signals belonging to different classes. Thus, there are plenty of examples where it was reasonably taken into account in many research fields and engineering applications, including communication signals with various modulation schemes [ 6 ], radio signals used in passive radars [ 7 , 8 ], electromagnetic measurements with near-field probes [ 9 , 10 ], spectral sensing in cognitive radio [ 11 ], mechanical vibration of rotary machines [ 12 , 13 ], radio astronomy [ 14 , 15 ], power analysis of electric circuits [ 16 ], generalized detection [ 17 , 18 ] under conditions of the least certainty, electromagnetic compatibility [ 19 , 20 ], detection of vital signs in radar response [ 21 , 22 ], drone navigation signals [ 23 ] and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of a Spectral Correlation Function Using a Time-Smoothing Cyclic Periodogram and FFT Interpolation—2N-FFT Algorithm

Shevgunov

Efimov

Guschina

2022

Sensors

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This article addresses the problem of estimating the spectral correlation function (SCF), which provides quantitative characterization in the frequency domain of wide-sense cyclostationary properties of random processes which are considered to be the theoretical models of observed time series or discrete-time signals. The theoretical framework behind the SCF estimation is briefly reviewed so that an important difference between the width of the resolution cell in bifrequency plane and the step between the centers of neighboring cells is highlighted. The outline of the proposed double-number fast Fourier transform algorithm (2N-FFT) is described in the paper as a sequence of steps directly leading to a digital signal processing technique. The 2N-FFT algorithm is derived from the time-smoothing approach to cyclic periodogram estimation where the spectral interpolation based on doubling the FFT base is employed. This guarantees that no cyclic frequency is left out of the coverage grid so that at least one resolution element intersects it. A numerical simulation involving two processes, a harmonic amplitude modulated by stationary noise and a binary-pulse amplitude-modulated train, demonstrated that their cyclic frequencies are estimated with a high accuracy, reaching the size of step between resolution cells. In addition, the SCF components estimated by the proposed algorithm are shown to be similar to the curves provided by the theoretical models of the observed processes. The comparison between the proposed algorithm and the well-known FFT accumulation method in terms of computational complexity and required memory size reveals the cases where the 2N-FFT algorithm offers a reasonable trade-off.

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Stepped-Frequency Continuous-Wave Signal Processing Method for Human Detection Using Radars for Sensing Rooms through the Wall

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Non-Contact VITAL Signs Monitoring of a Patient Lying on Surgical Bed Using Beamforming FMCW Radar

Estimation of a Spectral Correlation Function Using a Time-Smoothing Cyclic Periodogram and FFT Interpolation—2N-FFT Algorithm

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