Stepping-Table Gadolinium- enhanced Digital Subtraction MR Angiography of the Aorta and Lower Extremity Arteries: Preliminary Experience

Meaney, James F.; Ridgway, John P.; Chakraverty, S.; Robertson, Iain; Kessel, David; Radjenovic, Aleksandra; Kouwenhoven, Marc; Kassner, Andrea; Smith, Michael A.

doi:10.1148/radiology.211.1.r99ap1859

Cited by 312 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Third, it is desirable to consider reduction of the contrast material dose below the 20 mL used in this study. This is particularly important if multiple injections are necessary as in a full peripheral runoff study, although multistation (18) or continuously moving table acquisition (49) may temper this. Finally, although the initial comparisons of the CAPR MR angiographic results with CT angiographic results were promising, a more detailed clinical comparison is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods were developed for time-resolved 3D acquisition (10), which in general involved a trade-off of temporal for spatial resolution (11). For MR angiography of the peripheral vasculature, a variety of methods have specifically been developed (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), including some that allow imaging over an extended field of view (FOV) (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Peripheral Vasculature: High-Temporal- and High-Spatial-Resolution Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography

Haider

Glockner²,

Stanson

et al. 2009

Radiology

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Purpose:To prospectively evaluate the feasibility of performing high-spatial-resolution (1-mm isotropic) time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography of the peripheral vasculature with Cartesian acquisition with projectionreconstruction-like sampling (CAPR) and eightfold accelerated two-dimensional (2D) sensitivity encoding (SENSE). Materials and Methods:All studies were approved by the institutional review board and were HIPAA compliant; written informed consent was obtained from all participants. There were 13 volunteers (mean age, 41.9; range, 27-53 years). The CAPR sequence was adapted to provide 1-mm isotropic spatial resolution and a 5-second frame time. Use of different receiver coil element sizes for those placed on the anterior-to-posterior versus left-to-right sides of the field of view reduced signal-to-noise ratio loss due to acceleration. Results from eight volunteers were rated independently by two radiologists according to prominence of artifact, arterial to venous separation, vessel sharpness, continuity of arterial signal intensity in major arteries (anterior and posterior tibial, peroneal), demarcation of origin of major arteries, and overall diagnostic image quality. MR angiographic results in two patients with peripheral vascular disease were compared with their results at computed tomographic angiography. Results:The sequence exhibited no image artifact adversely affecting diagnostic image quality. Temporal resolution was evaluated to be sufficient in all cases, even with known rapid arterial to venous transit. The vessels were graded to have excellent sharpness, continuity, and demarcation of the origins of the major arteries. Distal muscular branches and the communicating and perforating arteries were routinely seen. Excellent diagnostic quality rating was given for 15 (94%) of 16 evaluations. Conclusion:The feasibility of performing high-diagnostic-quality timeresolved 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the peripheral vasculature by using CAPR and eightfold accelerated 2D SENSE has been demonstrated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Vasculature: High-Temporal- and High-Spatial-Resolution Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography

Haider

Glockner²,

Stanson

et al. 2009

Radiology

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“…To permit coverage of the entire runoff arterial tree, multistation boluschase 3D contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA was developed (2)(3)(4)(5). The technique extends coverage beyond the constraints of a single field of view (FOV) to two or three consecutive vascular regions for peripheral MRA (3), or even up to five stations for the acquisition of whole-body MRA data sets (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

High‐resolution continuously acquired peripheral MR angiography featuring partial parallel imaging GRAPPA

Zenge

Vogt

Brauck

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Continuously-moving-table MRI, in contrast to traditional multistation techniques, potentially can improve the scan time efficiency of whole-body applications and provide seamless images of an extended field of view (FOV). Contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) in particular requires high spatial resolution and at the same time has rigid scan time constraints due to the limited arterial contrast window. In this study a reconstruction method for continuously acquired 3D data sets during table movement was combined with a self-calibrated partial parallel imaging algorithm (generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA)). The method was applied to peripheral CE-MRA and compared with a standard continuously-moving-table MRA protocol. The gain in scan time was used to increase the data acquisition matrix and decrease the slice thickness. The method was evaluated in five healthy volunteers and applied to one patient with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The protocols were intraindividually compared with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-tonoise ratio (CNR) in selected vessel segments, as well as overall vessel depiction. The combination of the continuously-moving-

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“…Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is currently evolving as an appealing noninvasive alternative to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) (1)(2)(3)(4). Furthermore, MRI is gaining interest for the guidance of endovascular interventional procedures and posttreatment evaluations (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Improved lumen visualization in metallic vascular implants by reducing RF artifacts

Bartels

Bakker

Viergever

2001

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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In this study, a method is proposed for MRI of the lumen of metallic vascular implants, like stents or vena cava filters. The method is based on the reduction of artifacts caused by flow, susceptibility, and RF eddy currents. Whereas both flow artifacts and susceptibility artifacts are well understood and documented, RF artifacts are not. Therefore, the present study comprises an in-depth theoretical explanation of the factors governing the severity of these RF artifacts. It is explained that the RF caging inside cage-like implants is caused by disturbances of the send and receive sensitivities due to coupling between the loops in the implant and the MR scanner's send and receive coils. A scaled excitation angle model describing the behavior of the signal intensity inside the implants as a function of the applied nominal excitation angle is introduced. This theoretical model was validated in phantom experiments. Reduced signal from within implants due to the caging problem could be restored by increasing the applied RF power in the excitation pulse, without exceeding the generally accepted SAR safety limits. For all these applications the imaging of regions of the body containing metallic vascular implants, like stents and vena cava filters, is troublesome because of the artifacts provoked by these implants. In particular, MRA of stented vessels is hampered inside and near the stent. Often signal void is seen at these locations, rendering evaluation of the stent lumen and detection of possible restenosis inside the stent impossible (9 -11).Several authors have studied the artifacts caused by various commonly used stents in . The application of contrast enhanced (CE) MRA techniques has been shown to provide some improvement in stent visualization, but still it was found that the extent to which the images are distorted depends strongly on the type of stent used. For older stent types, often made from stainless steel alloys, the artifacts are mainly due to local differences in magnetic volume susceptibility between the stent and its surroundings. For this reason, stents made of ferromagnetic materials show larger susceptibility artifacts than stents made of so-called MR-compatible materials like tantalum or nitinol. Recently however, it was observed that stents made from the same material, thereby having the same magnetic susceptibility, can provoke significantly different degrees of signal loss in their lumen (17,21,22). These differences were attributed to small variations in susceptibility (16) and to differences in the design of the wire mesh. RF caging of the stent lumen by the metallic cage-like construction of the implant plays an important role here. The extent to which this caging takes place is obviously different for different cage constructions, which accounts for the observed differences in signal disturbance inside the stents.Whereas both flow artifacts and susceptibility artifacts are well understood and documented, RF artifacts are not. Therefore, an in-depth study of the factors governing the seve...

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Stepping-Table Gadolinium- enhanced Digital Subtraction MR Angiography of the Aorta and Lower Extremity Arteries: Preliminary Experience

Cited by 312 publications

References 30 publications

Peripheral Vasculature: High-Temporal- and High-Spatial-Resolution Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography

Peripheral Vasculature: High-Temporal- and High-Spatial-Resolution Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography

High‐resolution continuously acquired peripheral MR angiography featuring partial parallel imaging GRAPPA

Improved lumen visualization in metallic vascular implants by reducing RF artifacts

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