Stepwise in vitro screening of MMV pathogen box compounds against Plasmodium falciparum to identify potent antimalarial candidates

Mbye, Haddijatou; Bojang, Fatoumata; Jaiteh, Fatou; Jawara, Aminata; Njie, Bekai; Correa, Simon; D’Alessandro, Umberto; Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred

doi:10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.05.005

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…The last box made available by MMV was the Global Health Priority Box in 2021, with 260 compounds that could be analyzed in the coming years. In addition, through the Malaria Box and Pathogen Box, researchers from all over the world have found promising compounds for the treatment of diseases caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans [ 24 , 25 ]; Schistosoma mansoni [ 26 ]; Giardia and Cryptosporidium [ 27 ]; Plasmodium falciparum [ 28 ]; and even T. gondii [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicines for Malaria Venture Pandemic Box In Vitro Screening Identifies Compounds Highly Active against the Tachyzoite Stage of Toxoplasma gondii

dos Santos,

Oliveira Costa,

Vaz

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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Toxoplasmosis is a disease that causes high mortality in immunocompromised individuals, such as AIDS patients, and sequelae in congenitally infected newborns. Despite its great medical importance, there are few treatments available and these are associated with adverse events and resistance. In this work, after screening the drugs present in the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pandemic Box, we found new hits with anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity. Through our analysis, we selected twenty-three drugs or drug-like compounds that inhibited the proliferation of T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro by more than 50% at a concentration of 1 µM after seven days of treatment. Nineteen of these compounds have never been reported active before against T. gondii. Inhibitory curves showed that most of these drugs were able to inhibit parasite replication with IC50 values on the nanomolar scale. To better understand the unprecedented effect of seven compounds against T. gondii tachyzoites, an ultrastructural analysis was carried out using transmission electron microscopy. Treatment with 0.25 µM verdinexor, 3 nM MMV1580844, and 0.25 µM MMV019724 induced extensive vacuolization, complete ultrastructural disorganization, and lytic effects in the parasite, respectively, and all of them showed alterations in the division process. Treatment with 1 µM Eberconazole, 0.5 µM MMV1593541, 1 µM MMV642550, 1 µM RWJ-67657, and 1 µM URMC-099-C also caused extensive vacuolization in the parasite. The activity of these drugs against intracellular tachyzoites supports the idea that the drugs selected in the Pandemic Box could be potential future drugs for the treatment of acute toxoplasmosis.

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