Stepwise separation of poplar wood in oxalic acid/water and γ-valerolactone/water systems

Song, Liuming; Wang, Ruizhen; Jiang, Jianchun; Xu, Junming; Gou, Jinsheng

doi:10.1039/d0ra01163k

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…It should be noted that not all nonchitinous content can be removed during the alkaline extraction process, given the occurrence of covalent cross-links between chitin and glucans . This characteristic differs significantly from lignocellulosic resources, where cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose are physically bound and could be fractionated to yield nearly pure compounds . In this context, glucans are major structural polysaccharides of the fungal cell wall, constituting approximately 50–60 wt % of the wall, and a fraction of these glucans are alkali insoluble, so they will be present in the chitin extract.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 38 This characteristic differs significantly from lignocellulosic resources, where cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose are physically bound and could be fractionated to yield nearly pure compounds. 39 In this context, glucans are major structural polysaccharides of the fungal cell wall, constituting approximately 50–60 wt % of the wall, and a fraction of these glucans are alkali insoluble, so they will be present in the chitin extract. These results highlight an increased purity of chitin isolated by the process employed here when compared to chitin extracted by simple alkali treatment at 65 °C and mechanical blending, which yields chitin/glucan ratios of 50/50 and 35/65 for Agaricus bisporus cap and stalk, respectively (note that mechanical blending resulted into a nanofibrillar material).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Grifoll,

Bravo,

Pérez

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Thanks to its biobased character with embedded biogenic carbon, chitin can aid in the transition to a sustainable circular economy by replacing fossil carbon from the geosphere. However, meeting current demands for material availability and environmental sustainability requires alternative methods limiting conventional chemical and energy-consuming chitin extraction from crustaceans. To assist future chitinous bioproduct development, this work analyzes the physicochemical properties and potential environmental sustainability of fungal chitin-glucan complexes. A conventional isolation procedure using sodium hydroxide, a weak acid, and short reaction times are applied to the fruiting body of 22 fungal species. Besides, the valorization of underutilized waste streams including Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus brunnescens stipes is investigated. The carbohydrate analysis renders chitin fractions in the range of 9.5–63.5 wt %, while yields vary from 4.2 to 29.9%, and the N-acetylation degree in found in between 53.0 and 98.7%. The sustainability of the process is analyzed using life cycle assessment (LCA), providing impact quantification for global warming potential, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, and water use. With 87.5–589.3 kg·CO2-equiv per kilo, potentially lower global warming potential values in comparison to crustacean chitin are achieved. The crystallinity degree ranged from 28 to 78%, while the apparent chitin crystalline size (L 020) is between 2.3 and 5.4 nm. Ten of the species yield α-chitin coexisting with semicrystalline glucans. Zwitterionic properties are observed in aqueous solutions, shifting from cationic to anionic at pH 4.5. With its renewable carbon content, fungal chitin is an environmentally sustainable alternative for high-value applications due to its balance of minimal treatment, low carbon footprint, material renewability, ease of isolation, thermal stability, zwitterionic behavior, biodegradability, and noncytotoxicity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Grifoll,

Bravo,

Pérez

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The released acetic acid concentration was 0.031 g/L when pretreated with 3% (w/v) oxalic acid. The acetyl groups on the side chain of hemicellulose are responsible for this phenomenon as they are mostly susceptible to be hydrolysed to acetic acid under more severe conditions 17 . It was reported that negligible amounts of formic acid, furfural and HMF were detected in oxalic acid-pretreated hyrolysate of PKC due to low severity employed (i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of oxalic acid, formic acid, and citric acid for the hydrolysis of OPTB with xylose recoveries of 61.2%, 20.1%, and 12.9%, respectively. The superior performance of oxalic acid is attributed to its dicarboxylic structure, which is capable of selectively hydrolyzing hemicellulose to yield high monomer sugars and a solid with high enzymatic saccharification digestibility 15 – 17 . Therefore, it is expected that dilute oxalic acid will be effective for pretreatment of PKC with comparable levels of sugars to OPTB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological enhancement of lactic acid conversion from pretreated palm kernel cake hydrolysate by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z

Rahim

Luthfi

Bukhari

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to establish an improved pretreatment and fermentation method i.e. immobilized cells for high recovery of fermentable sugars from palm kernel cake (PKC) and its effects on fermentability performance by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z in the conversion of the fermentable sugar to lactic acid. The effects of oxalic acid concentrations (1–6% w/v) and residence times (1–5 h) on the sugar recovery were initially investigated and it was found that the highest mannose concentration was 25.1 g/L at the optimum hydrolysis conditions of 4 h and 3% (w/v) oxalic acid. The subsequent enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated PKC afforded the highest enzymatic digestibility with the recovered sugars amounting to 25.18 g/L and 9.14 g/L of mannose and glucose, respectively. Subsequently, the fermentability performance of PKC hydrolysate was evaluated and compared in terms of cultivation phases (i.e. mono and dual-phases), carbonate loadings (i.e. magnesium and sodium carbonates), and types of sugars (i.e. glucose and mannose). The highest titer of 19.4 g/L lactic acid was obtained from the fermentation involving A. succinogenes 130Z in dual-phase cultivation supplemented with 30 g/L of magnesium carbonate. Lactic acid production was further enhanced by using immobilized cells with coconut shell-activated carbon (CSAC) of different sizes (A, B, C, and D) in the repeated batch cultivation of dual-phase fermentation producing 31.64 g/L of lactic acid. This work sheds light on the possibilities to enhance the utilization of PKC for lactic acid production via immobilized A. succinogenes 130Z.

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“…Suitable pretreatment techni-ques offer unique opportunities to separate the chemical components of lignocellulose and enhance the saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose. 7 It must be noted that the reactivity of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin derived from hardwood, softwood, and herbaceous plants varies due to the differences in the basic structural units. The search for efficient pretreatment methods suitable for various types of lignocelluloses is an urgent requirement for the development of biorefineries.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Role of Gluconic Acid in the Cascading Saccharification of Hemicellulose and Cellulose from Various Lignocellulosic Stuff

Guo,

Xu,

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Gluconic acid (GA) was used for lignocellulose pretreatment as a systematic self-providing and recyclable acid-catalyst. GA presented good dual roles to degrade and selectively separate hemicellulose and lignin during the solo GA pretreatment and the hydrogen peroxide-assisted GA pretreatment. The continuous removal of hemicellulose and lignin by two-step GA-based pretreatments achieved an effective and cascading saccharification of hemicellulose and cellulose by acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis in three main sorts of lignocellulosic biomasses such as poplar sawdust, Chinese fir, and rice straw. By the comparison of varied procedure integrations with GA-based pretreatments, a two-pot and two-step process (TPTS) was developed for the coproduction of xylo-oligosaccharides, xylose, and glucose with the highest sugar yields, in which 8.1, 1.8, and 9.4 g of xylo-oligosaccharides as well as 38.9, 37.7, and 34.5 g of glucose were obtained, respectively, from 100 g of poplar sawdust, Chinese fir, and rice straw. This pretreatment method provided a novel green and economical approach to achieve nearly complete enzymatic saccharification of cellulose from both herbaceous and woody biomass.

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Stepwise separation of poplar wood in oxalic acid/water and γ-valerolactone/water systems

Abstract: A combined treatment method of oxalic acid/H2O and γ-valerolactone/H2O can be used for efficient fractionation of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin.

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Biotechnological enhancement of lactic acid conversion from pretreated palm kernel cake hydrolysate by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z

Dual Role of Gluconic Acid in the Cascading Saccharification of Hemicellulose and Cellulose from Various Lignocellulosic Stuff

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