Stereological analysis of histological parameters in experimental premalignant hamster cheek pouch epithelium

Franklin, C.D.; Smith, Colin J.

doi:10.1002/path.1711300309

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In studies of carcinogenesis no single morphologic feature has yet been found completely to characterize the preneoplastic process. However, wc do agree with Franklin & Smith (10) in that the ability to ascribe numerical values to histologic fcatures that are usually only subjectively evaluated may indeed be useful in both diagnostic and research work.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Quantification of oral epithelial hyperplasia in rats after topical application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Fisker¹,

West

Philipsen

et al. 1990

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Hyperplasia of the palatal epithelium was quantified in two groups of rats exposed thrice weekly to the carcinogen 4NQO for 2 weeks and 2 months, respectively. The lengths and areas of the epithelial layers were measured with a computerized line-following device. In the group treated for 2 weeks the maximum area of the nuclear layer was nearly three times and the maximum length of the epithelial/connective tissue interface almost twice the normal at the end of the carcinogen application period. The maximum area of the cornified layer was three times and the maximum lengths of the epithelial surface and the keratin/nuclear layer interface almost one and a half times the normal 1 week after painting with 4NQO. Thereafter the lengths and areas decreased gradually in both experimental groups. The area of the cornified layer and the length of the epithelial/connective tissue interface in the group treated for 2 months were significantly larger than those in animals treated for 2 weeks. These variables may be two of several indicators of prognostic significance in the assessment of dose-related premalignant epithelial hyperplasia.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Quantification of oral epithelial hyperplasia in rats after topical application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Fisker¹,

West

Philipsen

et al. 1990

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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“…[22] When group III and group IV ( P = 0.592) were compared, there was no significant difference with regard to cell area and NA and hence, N: C ratio was insignificant as well, whereas other studies by Franklin and Smith reported that the N:C ratio has the advantage of relating nuclear volume to cytoplasmic volume and possibly represents the significant changes that occur in the cell, more accurately at a morphological level. [23]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cytomorphometric changes in tobacco users and diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma individuals

Udayashankar

Guduru

Ananthaneni

et al. 2016

J Cytol

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Aims:To determine the cellular and nuclear area of keratinocytes in smears obtained from the oral mucosa of tobacco users, those with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and from normal healthy persons and resolve if any significant difference exists in these three groups.Materials and Methods:The study group comprised 100 subjects 20 controls, (40 OSCC patients-20 from lesional sites and 20 from nonlesional sites, 20 tobacco smokers and 20 tobacco chewers) in the age group of 25-75 years. Oral mucosal smears obtained by using a cytobrush were stained with Papanicolaou (PAP) stain and using 20X objective in trinocular Olympus model BX53 with Jenoptik scientific grade-dedicated microphotographic camera images were taken. With ProgRes version 8.0 image analysis software, 20 cells with defined borders were evaluated from each slide. Finally, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the above parameters in the studied groups.Statistical Analysis Used:Minitab and Excel software were used to analyze the data. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the above parameters in the studied groups.Results:The mean value of the cell area for groups I, II, III, IV, and V were 2838 ± 275.2, 2762.1 ± 511.4, 2861.9 ± 512.9, 2643.8 ± 333.3, and 3064.3 ± 362.7, respectively, the nuclear area (NA) was 83.88 ± 9.86, 106.19 ± 13.45, 95.11 ± 14.24, 85.55 ± 21.11, and 80.83 ± 13.45, respectively, and nuclear-to-cellular (N:C) ratio was 0.0297, 0.03924, 0.0337, 0.03257, and 0.02678, respectively.Conclusions:Thus, our study elucidates that cytomorphology gauges the effect of tobacco on the oral mucosa and possibly establishes a link between premalignant and malignant transformations even before a lesion is visibly noted.

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“…11,12 Similar findings of an increase in nuclear size with dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma have been reported in cervical smears and in experimental lesions in hamster cheek. 13 Thus, this increase in ND could be an early indication of malignant change 10,11 and case groups II and III were intermediate stages in the range from normal to carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…13 Thus, this reduction in CD could be an early indication of malignant change and these lesions can be considered as precancerous lesions. 10,11,12 Ramaesh et al reported a significant increase in the nuclear size in normal mucosal lesions with no dysplasia and further through dysplasias to squamous cell carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphometric Analysis of Exfoliative Palatal Mucosal Cells in Reverse Smokers in 4 Villages of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh - An Observational Exfoliative Study

Lavanya¹,

Suresh²

2016

jemds

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Squamous cell carcinoma of palate is found to be the rarest of all the cancers. But the prevalence of palatal cancers in Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts (Coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh) was found to be 0.1% 1,2 and noticed to be associated with the habit of reverse smoking in these geographic areas. These palatal cancers were found to arise from the pre-existing precancerous lesions namely Excrescences, White patches and Red areas, which were designated as Reverse smoker's lesions. AIM OF THE STUDYAn observational cytomorphometric analysis study has been undertaken in this region to study quantitatively nuclear diameter, cell diameter and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio from exfoliative smears of various reverse smoker's lesions to assess the type of reaction of palatal mucosal cells to the heat generated during reverse smoking. MATERIALS AND METHODSMaterials used were mouth mirror, tongue depressor, wooden spatula, glass slides, 95% alcohol, rapid PAP kit, Coplin jars, DPX mountant, xylene, coverslips, microscope and micrometre. The smears were collected using wooden spatula from various palatal lesions and fixed in 95% alcohol. Staining of smears was done using rapid PAP kit. The cellular diameter and nuclear diameter of the cells were measured using micrometre and microscope. RESULTSThe mean cellular diameter of White areas and Red areas was decreased compared to normal mucosa cells and the nuclear diameter was increased compared to normal mucosa cells. Both the diameters of both the lesions were nearing to carcinoma cells. The cellular and nuclear diameter of the excrescences were increased when compared to normal mucosa and carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONExcrescences represent proplastic and hyperplastic reaction of palatal surface epithelium, whereas white areas and red areas represent premalignant changes of palatal surface epithelium. (Figure 1). The rarest oral site is found to be palate, but still high prevalence of palatal cancer in Srikakulum and Visakhapatnam districts was noticed by many research workers. This was found to be associated with the habit of reverse smoking practiced in this geographic area. 2,3,4,5 (Figure 2). The palatal changes produced by reverse smoking are multimorphic consisting of several components namely Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None. Submission 02-08-2016, Peer Review 19-08-2016, Acceptance 22-08-2016, Published 26-08-2016. Corresponding Author: Dr. Sirigala Lavanya, Professor in Charge, Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Kadapa. E-mail: slavanyamds@yahoo.co.in DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2016/1124 Palatal keratosis, Excrescences, Red patches, Ulceration and finally Carcinoma. 1,3,4,5 The malignant potential of these lesions varies and cellular changes in these lesions can be observed in the exfoliated cells. These palatal changes were due to both tobacco by-products and heat generated above 120 0 C during reverse chutta smoking. KEYWORDSThe optimal outcome in the management of any malignancy is dependent upon...

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Stereological analysis of histological parameters in experimental premalignant hamster cheek pouch epithelium

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Quantification of oral epithelial hyperplasia in rats after topical application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Quantification of oral epithelial hyperplasia in rats after topical application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Evaluation of cytomorphometric changes in tobacco users and diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma individuals

Cytomorphometric Analysis of Exfoliative Palatal Mucosal Cells in Reverse Smokers in 4 Villages of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh - An Observational Exfoliative Study

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