Stereological analysis of liver, spleen and bone of Leishmania infantum-experimentally infected hamsters

Modabberi, F.; Ghadimi, Shamsi Noorpisheh; Shahriarirad, Reza; Nadimi, Elham; Karbalay‐Doust, Saied; Rashidi, Sajad; Sarkari, Bahador

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108137

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Estimation of some of the stereological variables such as microvessels length needs isotropic uniform random sections; thus, the graft was cut according to the “orientator method” (Fig. 1 c, d) [ 28 , 29 ]. Then, the paraffin-embedding blocks were sectioned at 5 and 25 μm-thick and stained with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), Masson Trichrome, H&E.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probes of stereology at the final magnification of 780 X were employed in the live pictures, and the volumes of the favorite structures were evaluated by the “point-counting technique”(Fig. 1 f) [ 28 , 29 ]. The volume density “Vv (favorite structure/graft)” was estimated using the following formula: where “∑ P (structure)” and “∑ P (graft)” were the number of points hitting the favorite structure and the graft section, respectively [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 f) [ 28 , 29 ]. The volume density “Vv (favorite structure/graft)” was estimated using the following formula: where “∑ P (structure)” and “∑ P (graft)” were the number of points hitting the favorite structure and the graft section, respectively [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…“ a/f ” was the area of the frame, “ t ” was the real section thickness measured with the microcator, and “BA” was the block advance of the microtome set. The thickness of the graft section was measured in the whole microscopic fields of view with uniform random sampling from each graft section[ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prednisolone and mesenchymal stem cell preloading protect liver cell migration and mitigate extracellular matrix modification in transplanted decellularized rat liver

et al. 2022

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Introduction Regenerative medicine provides promising approaches for treating chronic liver diseases. Previous studies indicate that decellularized liver architecture is damaged by invading non-hepatic inflammatory cells. This study aimed to use anti-inflammatory and regenerative potency of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and prednisolone for reducing fibrosis and balancing inflammatory cell migration into the decellularized liver scaffold. Material and method The liver was decellularized by perfusing Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), and nuclei depletion and extracellular matrix (ECM) retention were confirmed by DNA quantification, histochemical, and immunohistochemical assessments. Scaffolds were loaded with BM-MSCs, prednisolone, or a combination of both, implanted at the anatomical place in the rat partial hepatectomized and followed up for 2 and 4 weeks. Results Labeled-MSCs were traced in the transplanted scaffolds; however, they did not migrate into the intact liver. Immunohistochemistry showed that the hepatoblasts, cholangiocytes, stellate, and oval cells invaded into all the scaffolds. Bile ducts were more abundant in the border of the scaffolds and intact liver. Stereological assessments showed a significant reduction in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in prednisolone-loaded scaffolds. The regeneration process and angiogenesis were significantly higher in the group treated with cell/prednisolone-loaded bioscaffolds. Collagen fibers were significantly reduced in the scaffolds pre-treated with cell/prednisolone, prednisolone, or BM-MSCs, compared to the control group. Conclusion Loading prednisolone into the scaffolds can be a worthy approach to restrict inflammation after transplantation. Although pre-loading of the scaffolds with a combination of cells/prednisolone could not alleviate inflammation, it played an important role in regeneration and angiogenesis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prednisolone and mesenchymal stem cell preloading protect liver cell migration and mitigate extracellular matrix modification in transplanted decellularized rat liver

et al. 2022

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“…Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by more than 20 species of leishmania parasites, is recognized in the tropical and subtropical regions as an acute disease with a high mortality rate. The disease manifests itself in both cutaneous and visceral forms and is transmitted via parasite-infected mosquitoes [ 1 , 2 ]. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in more than 88 countries and around two-third of the cases occur in Afghanistan, Algeria, Brazil, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Syria [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning-based system for detecting leishmaniasis in microscopic images

et al. 2022

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Background Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by a protozoan, causes numerous deaths in humans each year. After malaria, leishmaniasis is known to be the deadliest parasitic disease globally. Direct visual detection of leishmania parasite through microscopy is the frequent method for diagnosis of this disease. However, this method is time-consuming and subject to errors. This study was aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-based algorithm for automatic diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Methods We used the Viola-Jones algorithm to develop a leishmania parasite detection system. The algorithm includes three procedures: feature extraction, integral image creation, and classification. Haar-like features are used as features. An integral image was used to represent an abstract of the image that significantly speeds up the algorithm. The adaBoost technique was used to select the discriminate features and to train the classifier. Results A 65% recall and 50% precision was concluded in the detection of macrophages infected with the leishmania parasite. Also, these numbers were 52% and 71%, respectively, related to amastigotes outside of macrophages. Conclusion The developed system is accurate, fast, easy to use, and cost-effective. Therefore, artificial intelligence might be used as an alternative for the current leishmanial diagnosis methods.

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Chronic Systemic Infection of Mice with Leishmania infantum Leads to Increased Bone Mass

Lai

Heinemann

Schleicher

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Vector‐borne infections of humans with the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) infantum can cause a systemic and potentially lethal disease termed visceral leishmaniasis. In the corresponding mouse model, an intravenous infection with L. infantum leads to the persistence of parasites in various organs, including bone marrow (BM). Considering the anatomical proximity between the BM and the cortical bone, we investigated whether a chronic infection with L. infantum affected bone homeostasis. Unexpectedly, chronic infection with L. infantum caused an increase in bone mass in mice. In vivo, an increased number of osteoblasts and osteocytes and a decreased maturation of osteoclasts characterized the phenotype. Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy confirmed the infection of BM macrophages but also revealed the presence of parasites in osteoclasts. In vitro, mature osteoclasts took up L. infantum parasites. However, infection of osteoclast progenitors abolished their differentiation and function. In addition, secretory products of infected BM–derived macrophages inhibited the maturation of osteoclasts. Both in vitro and in vivo, infected macrophages and osteoclasts showed an enhanced expression of the anti‐osteoclastogenic chemokine CCL5 (RANTES). Neutralization of CCL5 prevented the inhibition of osteoclast generation seen in the presence of culture supernatants from L. infantum‐infected macrophages. Altogether, our study shows that chronic infection with Leishmania increases bone mass by inducing bone formation and impairing osteoclast differentiation and function. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

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Stereological analysis of liver, spleen and bone of Leishmania infantum-experimentally infected hamsters

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Prednisolone and mesenchymal stem cell preloading protect liver cell migration and mitigate extracellular matrix modification in transplanted decellularized rat liver

Prednisolone and mesenchymal stem cell preloading protect liver cell migration and mitigate extracellular matrix modification in transplanted decellularized rat liver

A machine learning-based system for detecting leishmaniasis in microscopic images

Chronic Systemic Infection of Mice with Leishmania infantum Leads to Increased Bone Mass

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