“…It was first synthesized by Kiss et al [4] in 1964 starting from 1,2 : 5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-a-d-glucofuranose, which was transformed into a 1,1-dimethyl-d-glucitol derivative, then oxidized to epi-noviose and isomerized to ()-22 in 15 steps. In 1976, Achmatowicz Jr. et al [5] published a total synthesis in the racemic series starting from 2-acetylfuran, which, after Grignard reaction, acetylation, and hydrolysis yielded the keto-sugar derivative; reduction, methylation, and cis-hydroxylation led to the methyl glycoside of 22. The most recent approach to noviose was reported by Klemer et al [6] in 1986, involving a route of seven steps starting from l-rhamnose, which was oxidized after protection, then subjected to a Grignard reaction, and transformed to pyranose by deprotection; after renewed protection, methylation, and hydrolysis, ()-l-noviose (()-22) was obtained.…”