Stereotypes About Physical and Social Characteristics Based on Social and Professional Competence Information

Cann, Arnie

doi:10.1080/00224545.1991.9713845

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…When individuals automatically perceive more skilled (prestigious) in-group men to also be more physically formidable, this could be an indication of a strongly embedded prestige-based status-size heuristic or a BBB. Indeed, there is some evidence that competent, high-status individuals are judged to be taller ( Cann, 1991 ; Dannenmaier & Thumin, 1964 ; Lechelt, 1975 ; Wilson, 1968 ). Furthermore, Knapen, Blaker, and Pollet (2017) found that the positive effect of individuals’ voting intentions on estimated height and strength of target politicians was mediated by perceived political skills of those politicians.…”

Section: Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Better Seems Bigger: Perceived Performance of Adult Professional Football Players Is Positively Associated With Perceptions of Their Body Size

2019

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Research has shown a positive association between cues of physical formidability and perceptions of status, supporting a generic "bigger-is-better" heuristic. However, does better also lead to appraisals as bigger? Recent research suggests that the perceptual association between body size and social status can also be explained in terms of prestige. To test whether perceptions of prestige lead to higher appraisals of body size, we examined whether people apply a "better is bigger bias" (BBB) in football, where performance and body size tend to be uncorrelated. In two studies, we examined real coalitional sports groups on a national (Study 1) and team level (Study 2), and we manipulated target performance in an experimental third study. Results suggest that perceived performance significantly predicted both the perceived height (Studies 2 and 3) and perceived weight (Studies 1 and 2) of professional football players, supporting the BBB. Support for the team had a positive effect on body size estimations of the players; however, we did not find any support for winner or loser effects. We discuss these results in light of individual versus team performance and coalitional affiliation.

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Section: Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Better Seems Bigger: Perceived Performance of Adult Professional Football Players Is Positively Associated With Perceptions of Their Body Size

2019

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“…Research on the role of body morphology has focused mainly on traits of leadership and dominance. Taller people tend to be perceived as more impressive, competent, social [ 22 , 23 ] and are more likely to reach leadership positions [ 5 , 24 ]. Indeed, more recent research [ 25 ] explored personality inferences made from computer generated body shapes of varying morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceiving threat in others: The role of body morphology

2021

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People make judgments of others based on appearance, and these inferences can affect social interactions. Although the importance of facial appearance in these judgments is well established, the impact of the body morphology remains unclear. Specifically, it is unknown whether experimentally varied body morphology has an impact on perception of threat in others. In two preregistered experiments (N = 250), participants made judgments of perceived threat of body stimuli of varying morphology, both in the absence (Experiment 1) and presence (Experiment 2) of facial information. Bodies were perceived as more threatening as they increased in mass with added musculature and portliness, and less threatening as they increased in emaciation. The impact of musculature endured even in the presence of faces, although faces contributed more to the overall threat judgment. The relative contributions of the faces and bodies seemed to be driven by discordance, such that threatening faces exerted the most influence when paired with non-threatening bodies, and vice versa. This suggests that the faces and bodies were not perceived as entirely independent and separate components. Overall, these findings suggest that body morphology plays an important role in perceived threat and may bias real-world judgments.

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“…Cann (1991) asked undergraduates to read one-page descriptions of an employee. Gender, professional competence, and social competence were manipulated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Spelling Errors on the Perception of Writers

Kreiner

Schnakenberg

Green

et al. 2002

The Journal of General Psychology

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The authors investigated the perceived relationship between spelling errors and cognitive abilities in a series of 3 experiments. Specifically, they examined whether college students' ratings of an author's intellectual ability, logical ability, and writing ability were affected by the presence of spelling errors. In the 1st experiment, the presence of 4 spelling errors in a short essay did not significantly affect the ratings. The spelling ability of college students, as measured by a standard oral dictation spelling test, was moderately conelated with a brief test of intelligence. In a 2nd experiment, college students rated the author of a short essay as having lower ability when there was a large number of spelling errors. The effect was more pronounced on the ratings of writing ability than it was on the ratings of logical ability or intellectual ability. This finding was replicated in a 3rd experiment, in which the essay contained misspellings actually made by writers. The results suggest that spelling errors can affect how people perceive writers, particularly when there are many spelling errors. College students appear to attribute spelling errors more to writing ability than they do to general cognitive abilities such as intelligence and logical ability.

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Stereotypes About Physical and Social Characteristics Based on Social and Professional Competence Information

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

When Better Seems Bigger: Perceived Performance of Adult Professional Football Players Is Positively Associated With Perceptions of Their Body Size

When Better Seems Bigger: Perceived Performance of Adult Professional Football Players Is Positively Associated With Perceptions of Their Body Size

Perceiving threat in others: The role of body morphology

Effects of Spelling Errors on the Perception of Writers

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