2010
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03627.x
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Stereotypic movement disorder: easily missed

Abstract: Aim  To expand the understanding of stereotypic movement disorder (SMD) and its differentiation from tics and autistic stereotypies.Method  Forty‐two children (31 males, mean age 6y 3mo, SD 2y 8mo; 11 females, mean age 6y 7mo, SD 1y 9mo) consecutively diagnosed with SMD, without‐self‐injurious behavior, intellectual disability, sensory impairment, or an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), were assessed in a neuropsychiatry clinic. A list of probe questions on the nature of the stereotypy was administered to pare… Show more

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Cited by 95 publications
(81 citation statements)
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“…Moreover, in some previous studies on children with primary CMS (4, 20), a series of comorbid conditions have already been reported; in particular, ADHD, tic disorders, developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and other neuropsychological problems were described in a significant percentage of cases. Thus, as the DSM 5 clearly states, the presence of stereotypic movements may indicate an undetected neurodevelopmental problem.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Moreover, in some previous studies on children with primary CMS (4, 20), a series of comorbid conditions have already been reported; in particular, ADHD, tic disorders, developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and other neuropsychological problems were described in a significant percentage of cases. Thus, as the DSM 5 clearly states, the presence of stereotypic movements may indicate an undetected neurodevelopmental problem.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hand/arm flapping and waving, hand rotating, and finger wiggling are the stereotypies more frequently reported even if a wide range of other repetitive movements, sometimes accompanied by sounds or vocalizations, can be observed. Stereotypic movements generally last for seconds to minutes, tend to occur in clusters, and may appear many times throughout the day (3, 4). They are often triggered by periods of excitement, being engrossed in activities, stress, fatigue or boredom, and by daydreaming (57).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6,8 The SSS Motor score (range 0–18) quantifies motor severity and rates movements along four discriminate dimensions: number (0–3), frequency (0–5), intensity (0–5), and interference (0–5). The SSS Impairment score (range 0–50) is an independent rating of difficulties in self-esteem, family, school, or social acceptance caused by the movements.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In some, these stereotypes are unusually intense, prolonged, or interfere with functioning, and are then considered a stereotyped movement disorder. 31 For example, stereotyped movement disorder may involve prolonged bouts of hand-flapping or pacing that last up to many minutes. This is quite different from the compulsions in OCD, which are generally more complex and are usually performed in relation to an obsession or according to certain rules.…”
Section: Specific Recommendations For Icd-11 and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%