Stereotyping of Defects and Grading of Raw Sheep and Goat Skins Collected and  Stored by Skin Traders in Bahir-Dar Town, Ethiopia

Zembaba, T.; Mengesha, Dessalegne; Negash, Tamiru; Melaku, Sintayehu; Garedew, Legesse

doi:10.19026/ijava.5.5572

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The overall grading of the fresh goat skins according to their rank was Grade II (40.83%) the first rank, Grade I (31.33%) the second rank, Grade III (21.33%) the third rank, grade IV (6%) the forth rank and reject (0.5%). This result disagrees with the report of Zembaba et al, (2013) who reported that Grade III was the first rank (35.42%), Grade II was the second rank (29.33%) and Grade I was the third rank (23.2%) of fresh goat skin. 100) 600(100)…”

Section: Grading Of Fresh Goat Skinscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The leading overall defect of fresh goat skins was poor pattern (38.83%), dirt (36.66%) and flay cut (33.83%). The result disagrees with the report of Zembaba et al, (2013) who reported that dirt (37.62%), poor pattern (28.05%), and corduroying (14.11%) were the main defects of fresh goat skins. This result was disagree with the report of Selamawit (2015) who reported that flesh remnant (78.9%), dirt (68.4%) and blood (38.8%) were the main defects of the fresh goat skins.…”

Section: Observable Defects and Grading Of Goat Skins In Warehouse 31...contrasting

confidence: 99%

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Peri and Post Slaughter Defect Assessment of Sheep and Goat Skin in Selected Districts of Borana Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2022

JBAH

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A cross-sectional study was employed to assess peri and post slaughter defect of sheep and goat skin in selected districts of Borana Zone. Two districts (Dire and Yabelo) were purposively selected based on livestock population and accessibility of sheep and goat skins supply. A total of 1440 skins (960 goat and 480 sheep skins) were randomly selected to assess the observable defects using close observation. Both sheep and goat skins were graded according to the standard set by Ethiopian Quality and Standard Authority. All the examined skin had one or more types of defects. The major defects observed on fresh goat's skin were poor pattern (38.83%), dirt (36.66%) and flay cut (33.83%). In wet salted goat skin the dominant defects were poor pattern (32.22%), dirt (28.88%) and flay cut (26.66%). Whereas, in fresh sheep skins a higher prevalence of defects were poor pattern (36.66%), dirt (31.94%) and corduroying (30.83%). In wet salted sheep skin the higher prevalence defects were poor pattern (50.83%), dirt (44.16%) and corduroying (28.33%). The grading of the fresh goat skins according to their rank was Grade II (40.83%), Grade I (31.33%) and Grade III (21.33%) were 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd rank, respectively. The grading of the wet salted goat skins according to their rank was Grade II (40.27%), Grade I (30.27%) and Grade III (21.94%) were 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd rank, respectively. The grading of the fresh sheep skins according to their rank was Grade II (40.55%), Grade I (26.66%) and Grade III (20.55%) were 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd rank, respectively. The grading of the wet salted sheep skins according to their rank was Grade II (42.5%), Grade I (31.66%) and Grade III (13.33%) were 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd rank, respectively. This indicates that most defects on skins occurred during and after slaughtering operations. Therefore, more attention should be taken during and after slaughtering of animals to get quality skins for national as well as international market, and maximize the country's foreign currency exchange.

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Section: Grading Of Fresh Goat Skinscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Observable Defects and Grading Of Goat Skins In Warehouse 31...contrasting

confidence: 99%

Peri and Post Slaughter Defect Assessment of Sheep and Goat Skin in Selected Districts of Borana Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2022

JBAH

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“…Similarly, on raw skin of sheep the most prevalent defects were flay cut hole, dirt, corduroying, gouge mark in East Arsi Zone [19]. It is also in line with the report from Bahir-Dar town that poor pattern, dirt and corduroying were the major defects of sheep skin [27].…”

Section: Hide and Skin Defects At Collection Centerssupporting

confidence: 80%

Pre- and Post-Slaughter Factors Influencing Hide and Skin Quality in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Eshetu¹,

Bekele²,

Tadesse³

2020

OJAS

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Ethiopia has high livestock population and hence has high potential for hide and skin production. Likewise, in west Shewa Zone of the country there is high hide and skin production. But hides and skins are affected by different types of defects that hampered effective and efficient utilization of these resources. Therefore, a study was conducted in Bako Tibe and Ilu Gelan districts of west Showa zone with the objectives to assess pre-and post-slaughter defects that influence hide and skin qualities. Primary data were collected from sample household heads, middlemen, butcheries, hotel/restaurants and tanneries using semi-structured interview and direct observations. All middlemen, butchery and hotel/restaurants in the study areas were employed for data collection while households were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Results of the study revealed that all household respondents reported absence of extension services on hide and skin management. The maximum pre-slaughter defect observed by households (87.2%), hotel/restaurants (91.3%), butcheries (93.3%) and middle men (90%) were due to ectoparasites. Out of the respondents 64.6%, 40% and 82.6% of respondents from household, butcheries and hotels/restaurants, respectively were slaughtered animals on the ground without stunning. The maximum post-slaughter defects observed during slaughtering by households (95.4%), hotel/restaurants (87.0%), and butcheries (86.7%) were dirt and flay cut. According to the respondents, 38.5 of the households kept hide and skin on the ground before marketing. It was found that the major post-slaughter defects of hide were flesh remnant (94.3%), dirty (74.3%), corduroying (71.4%), and flay cut (65.7%). Moreover, traditional animal husbandry and slaughtering practices, poor storage and preservation methods of raw hides and skins, the absence of slaughtering facility and extension service exacerbated the prob-How to cite this paper: Eshetu, M., Bekele, E. and Tadesse, Y.

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“…Of the slaughter defects, knife cut was most frequently observed slaughter defect on hide and skin which was in agreement with Berhe (2009) from Sheba tannery and leather industry. However, poor pattern was reported with high-est frequency in Bahirdar (Zembaba et al, 2012). Likewise, Hailu, (2013) had also reported poor pattern as a slaughter defect of sheep and goats skin in many of the municipal abattoirs in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of skin and hide defects on quality grades and physical characteristics of crust leather

Tsigab¹,

Bsrat²,

Alemayohu³

et al. 2020

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Leather is one of the important export commodities in Ethiopia. However, itsquality and physical characteristics are affected by diseases, handling and storage problems. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify major hide and skin defects and assess their effect on quality grades and physical characteristics of crust leather. A total of 6530 hides and skins were inspected at Sheba Tannery and Leather Industry Private Limited Company (PLC) through standard operative procedures. For tests on physical characteristics of crust leather, top 6 defects of skin and hide were identified thereby each 5-crust leather per defect were evaluated by standard experiments for determining testing tensile strength, tear strength and percentage elongation at break. The overall hide and skin rejection was 32.7%. The rejection in wet blue hide (23.5%) was higher than for wet blue salted and dry goatskins (5.1%) and pickled sheepskins (4.1%). Scratch (20.5%), Wound (14.6%) and Cockle (12.7%), were the most common pre-slaughter skin and hide defects found in wet blue hide, goatskin and pickled sheepskin, respectively. Knife cut with proportion of 21.1%, 17.5% and 4.5% respectively in wet blue hide, goatskin and pickled sheepskin was the major slaughter defect. Putrefaction was of the most common post-slaughter defect in wet blue hide (5.3 %), pickled sheepskin (1.6%) and goatskin (2.7%). Among the identified major defects, statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) were noted in tensile strength, tear strength and percent elongation of the crust leather. Major skin and hide defects lead to considerable economical losses through reducing quality and physical performance characteristics of crust leather. Hence, innovative leather grade correction technologies are timely important. Keywords: Defects; hide; physical characteristics; quality; skin

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Stereotyping of Defects and Grading of Raw Sheep and Goat Skins Collected and Stored by Skin Traders in Bahir-Dar Town, Ethiopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Peri and Post Slaughter Defect Assessment of Sheep and Goat Skin in Selected Districts of Borana Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Peri and Post Slaughter Defect Assessment of Sheep and Goat Skin in Selected Districts of Borana Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Pre- and Post-Slaughter Factors Influencing Hide and Skin Quality in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Effects of skin and hide defects on quality grades and physical characteristics of crust leather

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