Steric effects in high pressure Knoevenagel reactions

Jenner, G.

doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01930-4

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This condensation may be carried out in various homogeneous media using catalysts such as piperidine [1,2], amines, ammonia, and ammonium salts [3][4][5]. In recent years much attention has been focused to use of natural inorganic solids such as alumina [6,7], amino groups immobilized on silica gel [8], zinc, magnesium and aluminum oxides [9][10][11][12], resins [13] magnesium phosphate [14,15] and natural phosphate impregnated with sodium nitrate [16] to catalyze organic reactions in heterogeneous media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Substituted Stilbenes via the Knoevenagel Condensation

Al‐Shihry¹

2004

Molecules

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Knoevenagel condensations between aldehydes and substrates containing active methylene groups were carried out in ethanol at room temperature, in the presence of potassium phosphate, to afford unsymmetrical olefins. These condensations have been shown to afford only the E-isomers in greater than 80% yields. Salicylaldehyde first produces the Knoevenagel condensation products, which undergo a subsequent heterocyclization to give coumarin derivatives. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established on the basis of UV, IR, MS and NMR spectroscopy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Substituted Stilbenes via the Knoevenagel Condensation

Al‐Shihry¹

2004

Molecules

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“…One method of solvent-free organic synthesis uses high pressure, as shown in Fig. 22 (Jenner, 2001). The piperidine-catalysed reaction between 2-butanone (75) and ethyl cyanoacetate (54) was carried out using two methods in which formation of E (73) MPa to 300 MPa, the yield increased from 28.1% to 99.0%.…”

Section: Solvent-free Knoevenagel Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The piperidine-catalysed reaction between 2-butanone (75) and ethyl cyanoacetate (54) was carried out using two methods in which formation of E (73) MPa to 300 MPa, the yield increased from 28.1% to 99.0%. However, significant changes were not observed in the ratio of E(73)/Z(74) Knoevenagel reaction products (Jenner, 2001). Solvent-free Knoevenagel reactions have also been carried out using a mortar and pestle.…”

Section: Solvent-free Knoevenagel Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Chemistry – Aspects for the Knoevenagel Reaction

Menegatti¹

2012

Green Chemistry - Environmentally Benign Approaches

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“…A wide range of bases can be employed for this condensation; however, alkali metal hydroxides and pyridine as well as other amines such as ethylenediamine and piperidine are the most studied. A wide range of solid catalysts and solid-supported catalysts have also been applied to this reaction such as anion-exchange resins, KF, magnesium and aluminum oxides, alkali-exchanged and alkali-encapsulated zeolites, hydrotalcites, amino groupimmobilized silica materials, clays, alkali and alkaline earth carbonates, nitridated aluminosilicates and aluminophosphates, and porous silicate quaternary ammonium composites [76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Application Of Basic Ionic Liquids In Organic Reactions Knoementioning

confidence: 99%

Basic ionic liquids. A short review

Hajipour

Rafiee

2009

JICS

174

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Basic ionic liquids as environmental-friendly solvents and catalysts with high activity and selectivity and easily recovered materials were used to replace traditional bases such as KOH, NaOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaHCO 3 , NaOAc, triethylamine, or tetrabutylammonium acetate. Using the traditional bases generally suffered from disadvantages such as waste production, corrosion and environmental problems. Basic ionic liquids offering a new possibility for developing environmentally friendly basic catalysts due to the combination of the advantages of inorganic bases and ionic liquids. They are flexible, nonvolatile, noncorrosive, and immiscible with many organic solvents. Basic ionic liquids (BILs) have been used in base-catalyzed processes such as Michael addition, Markovnikov addition, Knoevenagel condensation, Henry reaction, Mannich reaction, oximation, FeistBenary reaction and etc. In this short review, we wish to present an overview of the types, properties, synthesis and applications of basic ionic liquids.

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Steric effects in high pressure Knoevenagel reactions

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

Synthesis of Substituted Stilbenes via the Knoevenagel Condensation

Synthesis of Substituted Stilbenes via the Knoevenagel Condensation

Green Chemistry – Aspects for the Knoevenagel Reaction

Basic ionic liquids. A short review

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