Sterigmatocystin production by nine newly described Aspergillus species in section Versicolores grown on two different media

Abstract

Nine recently described Aspergillus species and four known species in section Versicolores were tested for their ability to produce sterigmatocystin on two liquid media, Czapek w/20% Sucrose Broth and Yeast Extract Broth grown in the dark for 1 week at 25 °C. Detection and quantification of ST were performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. Limit of detection was 3 ng/mL and limit of quantification was 10 ng/mL. Nine newly described Aspergillus species from various substrates, A. amoenus, A. creber, A. cvjetkovicii, A. fructus, A. jensenii, A. puulaauensis, A. subversicolor, A. tennesseensis and A. venenatus in section Versicolores were found to produce sterigmatocystin. Production was confirmed in recently collected isolates of A. protuberus and A. versicolor. A. austroafricanus and A. tabacinus did not produce sterigmatocystin.

Fungal secondary metabolite analysis applied to Cultural Heritage: the case of a contaminated library in Venice

“…This species, together with A. jensenii and A. protuberus, showed the capacity to produce sterigmatocystin, comparable with results of previous studies (Engelhart et al, 2001;Juriević et al, 2013;Nielsen et al, 1999). This metabolite is a biochemical precursor in the biosynthesis of aflatoxins, showing weak toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and citotoxity in both in vitro and in vivo studies and it has been recognized as a 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Bloom et al, 2007;Juriević et al, 2013;Nielsen, 2003;Tuomi et al, 2000). Methoxysterigmatocystin was also detected for these species, except for the strains of A. protuberus.…”

“…As reported by Micheluz et al (2015), A. creber was the most prevalent fungal species and because of its recent identification as a separated species from A. versicolor (Juriević et al, 2012), its mycotoxin production needed to be studied in more detail. This species, together with A. jensenii and A. protuberus, showed the capacity to produce sterigmatocystin, comparable with results of previous studies (Engelhart et al, 2001;Juriević et al, 2013;Nielsen et al, 1999). This metabolite is a biochemical precursor in the biosynthesis of aflatoxins, showing weak toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and citotoxity in both in vitro and in vivo studies and it has been recognized as a 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Bloom et al, 2007;Juriević et al, 2013;Nielsen, 2003;Tuomi et al, 2000).…”

Species diversity and cytotoxic potency of airborne sterigmatocystin-producing Aspergilli from the section Versicolores

“…jensenii showed high producing abilities (61.29 ± 44.48 μg/mL STC) while low concentrations of STC were detected in the extracts prepared from the isolates assigned to A. protuberus (0.12-2.75 μg/mL) and A. tennesseensis (0.44 μg/mL) confirming previous analysis (Jurjević et al, 2013). In contrast to studies where A. creber was recognised to produce STC in low levels, we observed good STC producing abilities for isolates assigned to A. creber (15.79-80.65 μg/mL) contributing to the threat of STC contamination.…”

“…The greatest threat of STC contamination is due to A. versicolor, A. fructus and A. jensenii as these species produce STC in 10 to 100 times greater amounts than the other species in the section (Jurjević et al, 2013). Most indoor air isolates included in this study were assigned to A. jensenii and A. creber.…”

An Ultra-Sensitive Monoclonal Antibody-Based Competitive Enzyme Immunoassay for Sterigmatocystin in Cereal and Oil Products

“…Sterigmatocystin can contaminate many types of food and feed, especially wheat, maize, peanuts, and forage [3]. As a biosynthesis precursor of aflatoxin B 1 , sterigmatocystin has a common structure containing furan rings and xanthones similar with aflatoxin B 1 [4]. The toxicity of sterigmatocystin is only second to aflatoxin B 1 , which seriously threatens human and animal health [1], [3]–[5].…”