Sterilization of Edible Bird Nest Product Utilize Microwave Technology

Than, Linh Thi My; Nguyen, Uyen D.; Tran, Su Van; Ngo, Nguyen; Pham, Khai

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69814-4_97

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Gamma radiation was reported to reduce the number of yeast and molds. Other studies have shown that microwave sterilization can reduce the number of Salmonella and E. coli in EBN drink ( Than et al, 2018 ); and heat sterilization can remove yeast and mold, coliform , E. coli , Salmonella, and S. aereus effectively with no detectable growth in EBN beverages ( Lam, 2018 ). Low-energy X-ray irradiation (350–400 Gy) can decreased E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium in dry EBNs from 6.35 to 5.84 log CFU/g, respectively, to undetectable level ( Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Bacterial Fungi and Mites In Ebnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Residual Contaminants in Edible Bird's Nest

et al. 2021

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Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is recognized as a nourishing food among Chinese people. The efficacy of EBN was stated in the records of traditional Chinese medicine and its activities have been reported in many researches. Malaysia is the second largest exporter of EBNs in the world, after Indonesia. For many years, EBN trade to China was not regulated until August 2011, when a safety alert was triggered for the consumption of EBNs. China banned the import of EBNs from Malaysia and Indonesia due to high level of nitrite. Since then, the Malaysia government has formulated Malaysia Standards for swiftlet farming (MS 2273:2012), edible bird’s nest processing plant design and management (MS 2333:2010), and edible bird’s nest product quality (MS 2334:2011) to enable the industry to meet the specified standards for the export to China. On the other hand, Indonesia's EBN industry formulated a standard operating procedure (SOP) for exportation to China. Both countries can export EBNs to China by complying with the standards and SOPs. EBN contaminants may include but not limited to nitrite, heavy metals, excessive minerals, fungi, bacteria, and mites. The possible source of contaminants may come from the swiftlet farms and the swiftlets or introduced during processing, storage, and transportation of EBNs, or adulterants. Swiftlet house design and management, and EBN processing affect the bird’s nest color. Degradation of its optical quality has an impact on the selling price, and color changes are tied together with nitrite level. In this review, the current and future prospects of EBNs in Malaysia and Indonesia in terms of their quality, and the research on the contaminants and their effects on EBN color changes are discussed.

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Section: Bacterial Fungi and Mites In Ebnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Residual Contaminants in Edible Bird's Nest

et al. 2021

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Development of Method for Evaluation of Edible Bird’s Nest Content in Ready-to-Eat Beverages

Poon¹,

Sze²

2023

Journal of AOAC International

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Background Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is one of the most valuable tonic Chinese foods that made from glutinous salivary secretion with highly concentrated mucin glycoprotein. For ease of consumption, manufacturers have marketed different ready-to-eat EBN products, where the EBN contents would be varied. This is the first study to analyze the EBN content in ready-to-eat beverages. Objective To determine the EBN content in ready-to-eat beverages by its active ingredients of N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) Method Sialic acid in ready-to-eat beverages and raw EBN was extracted in sodium hydrogen sulfate solution, followed by derivatization using o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride and determination using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Method precision, recovery of extraction, degradation of sialic acid due to cooking and measurement uncertainty were evaluated. Results The mean concentrations of raw EBN in different origins and colours were ranging from 5.77 to 10.92%. Ten different brands of traditional ready-to-eat EBN beverages from the market were analyzed, where estimated concentrations of EBN were diversified, ranging from 0.014 ± 0.010% to 0.66 ± 0.069% (w/w) (95% confidence level). The concentration of sialic acid was found to ranging from 11.4 to 527 mg/kg. Conclusion Based on the results, sialic acid content can provide a better estimation to the EBN content in traditional ready-to-eat beverage. Neither the selling price nor dried matters can be used as an indicator to the quality of the ready-to-eat EBN beverage among the samples obtained. Highlights Sialic acid can be used as an indicator to estimate EBN content, where the sialic acid and EBN contents in Ready-to-eat beverages from the market were found varied significantly.

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Food Safety Management System in Edible Bird’s Nest Industry: A Review

Ningrum

2023

JAVEST

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Background: Food safety management systems such as ISO 22000:2018 have many advantages in solving this newcomer industry's problems. It has enabled the edible bird’s nest industry to plan, implement, operate, maintain, and update an FSMS providing edible bird’s nest products and safe services. Purpose: This review article delineates the role of the food safety management system (FSMS) in improving quality control, production performance, and economic effects in the edible bird’s nest industry. Method: This study was a literature review that collected sources from books and journals. Results: Hence, the evaluation and assessment could be adequate to meet regulatory food safety requirements. FSMS possess division properties such as quality control, production, marketing, purchasing, general affair, human resources, warehouse, and maintenance. They also have veterinary control numbers and animals quarantine installation, enhancing the edible bird’s nest industry's overall quality control and production performance in Indonesia. Conclusion: The findings of the current review depicted the tremendous potential of cleaning development, which could be explored with the recent advancements in science and technology. The advantages of compelling communication of food safety issues from the FSMS ensure that the edible bird’s nest industry conforms to its stated food safety policy and relevant interested parties in fulfilling the trade requirements set by the export/importing destination country.

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Sterilization of Edible Bird Nest Product Utilize Microwave Technology

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Potential Residual Contaminants in Edible Bird's Nest

Potential Residual Contaminants in Edible Bird's Nest

Development of Method for Evaluation of Edible Bird’s Nest Content in Ready-to-Eat Beverages

Food Safety Management System in Edible Bird’s Nest Industry: A Review

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