Steroid receptors in the canine epididymis

Younes, M.A.; Evans, Bronwen Alice James; Chaisiri, N.; Valotaire, Yves; Pierrepoint, C. G.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0560045

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Because of this discovery, Danzo concluded that estrogen was more likely to be important during development of the epididymis than in adult function. However, in the 1980s, estrogen-binding activity was again shown in epididymal tissues in other species, including the dog (Younes et al 1979;Younes and Pierrepoint 1981), human (Murphy et al 1980), guinea-pig (Danzo et al 1981), turtle (Dufaure et al 1983), monkey (Kamal et al 1985;West and Brenner 1990), ram (Tekpetey and Amann 1988), and rat (Kuiper et al 1997). Autoradiography has also shown that 3 H-estradiol binds to epithelial and stromal tissues throughout the male reproductive system (Schleicher et al 1984;Hess et al 1997b).…”

Section: Estrogen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and epididymal function

Hess¹,

Zhou²,

Nie³

et al. 2001

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Estrogen is synthesized in the male reproductive system and is found in high concentrations in rete testis and seminal fluids. This luminal estrogen targets estrogen receptors (ER) along the male reproductive tract, and in particular the efferent ductules, where ERalpha is abundant. However, both ERalpha and ERbeta are found in various regions of the male reproductive tract. The transgenic ER knockout mice (alphaERKO and betaERKO) have been used to help define the role of ER in the male. In the alphaERKO animal model, the efferent ductules are dramatically altered, forming an epithelium in which fluid reabsorption is inhibited and epithelial cells have greatly reduced numbers of lysosomes and organelles associated with endocytosis. The betaERKO male reproductive tract appears normal. Because these animals are transgenic and lack ER throughout development, we developed animal models using pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 treatments in adult males. The data show that ERalpha participates in the regulation of the apical cytoplasm of non-ciliated cells of the efferent ductules, narrow cells of initial segment epididymis and clear cells in the remaining segments of the epididymis. There appears to be no effect on vas deferens. The inhibition of ERalpha function in the male leads to decreases in sperm concentrations and eventually to infertility. The current literature leaves the mechanisms of estrogen action in the male reproductive tract unsettled and raises the question of androgen's contribution to the regulation of fluid transport, especially in the efferent ductules.

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Section: Estrogen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and epididymal function

Hess¹,

Zhou²,

Nie³

et al. 2001

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…However, those early studies lead to the conclusion that estrogen was more important during development of the epididymis than in adult function [17]. Estrogen binding in epididymal tissues has been noted in many species, including the dog [93,94], human [95], turtle [96], monkey [97,98], ram [99], guinea pig [100], and the rat [101]. Autoradiography was also used to show estrogen binding throughout the male reproductive system [55,102].…”

Section: Estrogen Receptors In the Male Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen in the adult male reproductive tract: A review

Hess

2003

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

395

114

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Testosterone and estrogen are no longer considered male only and female only hormones. Both hormones are important in both sexes. It was known as early as the 1930's that developmental exposure to a high dose of estrogen causes malformation of the male reproductive tract, but the early formative years of reproductive biology as a discipline did not recognize the importance of estrogen in regulating the normal function of the adult male reproductive tract. In the adult testis, estrogen is synthesized by Leydig cells and the germ cells, producing a relatively high concentration in rete testis fluid. Estrogen receptors are present in the testis, efferent ductules and epididymis of most species. However, estrogen receptor-α is reported absent in the testis of a few species, including man. Estrogen receptors are abundant in the efferent ductule epithelium, where their primary function is to regulate the expression of proteins involved in fluid reabsorption. Disruption of the α-receptor, either in the knockout (αERKO) or by treatment with a pure antiestrogen, results in dilution of cauda epididymal sperm, disruption of sperm morphology, inhibition of sodium transport and subsequent water reabsorption, increased secretion of Cl-, and eventual decreased fertility. In addition to this primary regulation of luminal fluid and ion transport, estrogen is also responsible for maintaining a differentiated epithelial morphology. Thus, we conclude that estrogen or its α-receptor is an absolute necessity for fertility in the male.

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“…The presence of oestrogen receptors in androgen target organs of the dog, has been demonstrated before (Chaisiri et al, 1978;Younes et al, 1979) although their function is not understood. It is of interest that Lipowitz et al (1973) and Hayes & Wilson (1977) reported on the occurrence of anal adenomata as well as prostatic disease in dogs with testicular tumours and that those with Sertoli cell tumours showed a 9% and 30% incidence of the two conditions respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid—receptor interaction in a canine anal adenoma

Chaisiri

Pierrepoint

1979

J of Small Animal Practice

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An anal adenoma from a dog has been examined for cytosol binding proteins for androgens and oestrogens. Sucrose‐density gradient analysis revealed low capacity binding moieties for testosterone with sedimentation coefficients of 2S and 8S, for 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (8S) and for oestradiol‐17β (4S and 8S). In each case it was shown that the steroids could be translocated to the nuclei and were found there to be protein‐bound. The dissociation constants for 5α‐dihydrotestosterone and oestradiol‐17β were 5×1 × 10‐10M and 2×6 × 10‐10M respectively and the corresponding receptor site concentrations were 9 and 38 fmol/mg cytosol protein. The possible significance of these findings with regard to the induction and maintenance of such tumours is discussed.

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Steroid receptors in the canine epididymis

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Estrogens and epididymal function

Estrogens and epididymal function

Estrogen in the adult male reproductive tract: A review

Steroid—receptor interaction in a canine anal adenoma

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