Steroid-transforming enzymes in fungi

Kristan, Katja; Rižner, Tea Lanišnik

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.08.012

Cited by 134 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, enzymatic reduction of AD to TS by 17β‐HSD has also been described in different microorganisms (Donova et al ., 2005), including bacteria (Schultz et al ., 1977; Payne and Talalay, 1985; Sarmah et al ., 1989; Liu et al ., 1994; Egorova et al ., 2002a,b, 2005), yeasts (Ward and Young, 1990; Singer et al ., 1991; Długoński and Wilmańska, 1998; Pajic et al ., 1999), filamentous fungi (Kristan and Rižner, 2012) and plants (Hamada and Kawabe, 1991). Moreover, a single‐step microbial transformation process has been reported for the production of TS from sterols using several Mycobacterium sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Mycobacterium smegmatis for testosterone production

Fernández-Cabezón

Galán

2016

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryA new biotechnological process for the production of testosterone (TS) has been developed to turn the model strain Mycobacterium smegmatis suitable for TS production to compete with the current chemical synthesis procedures. We have cloned and overexpressed two genes encoding microbial 17β‐hydroxysteroid: NADP 17‐oxidoreductase, from the bacterium Comamonas testosteroni and from the fungus Cochliobolus lunatus. The host strains were M. smegmatis wild type and a genetic engineered androst‐4‐ene‐3,17‐dione (AD) producing mutant. The performances of the four recombinant bacterial strains have been tested both in growing and resting‐cell conditions using natural sterols and AD as substrates respectively. These strains were able to produce TS from sterols or AD with high yields. This work represents a proof of concept of the possibilities that offers this model bacterium for the production of pharmaceutical steroids using metabolic engineering approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Mycobacterium smegmatis for testosterone production

Fernández-Cabezón

Galán

2016

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…Our data thus suggested that in the denitrifying DHSTP sewage, testosterone was first transformed to other androgens via redox reactions by various microorganisms, including the initial Thauera spp. The redox transformations of steroids have been reported in numerous microorganisms, including bacteria (Kisiela et al, 2012) and fungi (Kristan and Rižner, 2012). For example, the 3-ketosteroid Δ 1 -dehydrogenase and cholesterol dehydrogenase of Stl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated multi-omics analyses reveal the biochemical mechanisms and phylogenetic relevance of anaerobic androgen biodegradation in the environment

et al. 2016

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Steroid hormones, such as androgens, are common surface-water contaminants. However, literature on the ecophysiological relevance of steroid-degrading organisms in the environment, particularly in anoxic ecosystems, is extremely limited. We previously reported that Steroidobacter denitrificans anaerobically degrades androgens through the 2,3-seco pathway. In this study, the genome of Sdo. denitrificans was completely sequenced. Transcriptomic data revealed gene clusters that were distinctly expressed during anaerobic growth on testosterone. We isolated and characterized the bifunctional 1-testosterone hydratase/dehydrogenase, which is essential for anaerobic degradation of steroid A-ring. Because of apparent substrate preference of this molybdoenzyme, corresponding genes, along with the signature metabolites of the 2,3-seco pathway, were used as biomarkers to investigate androgen biodegradation in the largest sewage treatment plant in Taipei, Taiwan. Androgen metabolite analysis indicated that denitrifying bacteria in anoxic sewage use the 2,3-seco pathway to degrade androgens. Metagenomic analysis and PCR-based functional assays showed androgen degradation in anoxic sewage by Thauera spp. through the action of 1-testosterone hydratase/dehydrogenase. Our integrative 'omics' approach can be used for culture-independent investigations of the microbial degradation of structurally complex compounds where isotopelabeled substrates are not easily available.

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“…Among the various steroid hydroxylations, the most important ones are filamentous fungi-mediated 11α-and 11β-hydroxylation reactions. Derivatives of 11α-and 11β-hydroxyl steroids represent key intermediates in the production of anti-inflammatory drugs and contraceptives [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%