Steroidal Alkaloids in Solanaceous Vegetable Crops

Chen, Zhenbang; Miller, Alexander

doi:10.1002/9780470650783.ch3

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Apart from commercial varieties α-solanine and α-chaconine, other GAs may also be present in wild species. For example, the leaves and stems of S. chacoense contain leptines and leptidines, steroidal alkaloids in addition to the α-solanine and α-chaconine [15]. High levels of GAs are found in potato tissues which undergo intensive metabolic processes, that is, fruits, leaves, stems, tubers eyes, jacket, sprouts, and damaged tissues [16,17].…”

Section: Distribution Of Gas In Different Plants 21 Potato Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Glycoalkaloids: Distribution, Structure, Cytotoxicity, Extraction, and Biological Activity

Siddique¹,

Brunton²

2019

Alkaloids - Their Importance in Nature and Human Life

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Glycoalkaloids (GA), generally occur as plant steroidal glycosides, are secondary metabolites produced in the leaves, flowers, roots, and edible parts including sprouts and skin of the plants of Solanaceae family. Many of the plants in this family have been stable parts of human diets for centuries, and thus, the occurrence of these compounds has been extensively studied mainly due to concerns regarding their toxicity. GAs are produced by plants as a resistance to challenges such as insects and pests but may also produce concentration-dependent toxic effects in humans. Postharvest conditions such as light, temperature, humidity, and processing conditions may also affect GA content in edible plants producing them. Since these compounds also possess biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic activities, it could be a useful strategy to use novel extraction techniques to maintaining bioactivities after extraction and simultaneously to reduce toxicity in the source plants. This chapter aims to describe alkaloids especially GAs commonly occurring in foods, their structure and toxicity, and postharvesting practices which influence alkaloid content and utilization of conventional and novel technologies to extract food alkaloids.

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Section: Distribution Of Gas In Different Plants 21 Potato Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Glycoalkaloids: Distribution, Structure, Cytotoxicity, Extraction, and Biological Activity

Siddique¹,

Brunton²

2019

Alkaloids - Their Importance in Nature and Human Life

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“…Potatoes and other solanaceous plants contain glycoalkaloids [ 37 , 38 ] ( Figure 2 ) that are thought to provide resistance against herbivorous insects including CPB [ 39 ]. Solanine, chaconine, tomatine [ 40 ], leptines [ 41 ] and demissines [ 42 ] have been identified as deterrents.…”

Section: Chemicals Involved In Host Plant Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Ecology of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and Potential for Alternative Control Methods

Sablon

Dickens

Haubruge

et al. 2012

Insects

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The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) has been a major insect pest to potato farming for over 150 years and various control methods have been established to reduce its impact on potato fields. Crop rotation and pesticide use are currently the most widely used approaches, although alternative methods are being developed. Here we review the role of various volatile and nonvolatile chemicals involved in behavior changes of CPB that may have potential for their control. First, we describe all volatile and nonvolatile chemicals involved in host plant localization and acceptance by CPB beetles, including glycoalcaloids and host plant volatiles used as kairomones. In the second section, we present the chemical signals used by CPB in intraspecific communication, including sex and aggregation pheromones. Some of these chemicals are used by natural enemies of CPBs to locate their prey and are presented in the third section. The last section of this review is devoted a discussion of the potential of some natural chemicals in biological control of CPB and to approaches that already reached efficient field applications.

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“…Glycoalkaloids are involved in plant defenses against insects and other pests, and have a variety of adverse as well as beneficial effects in cells, animals, and humans [74,75]. The two major glycoalkaloids present in tubers of S. tuberosum are α-solanine and α-chaconine, which together account for 95% or more of the glycoalkaloid content.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Chemical Compounds of the Solanaceae

Pomilio

Falzoni

Vitale

2008

Natural Product Communications

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The Solanaceae is comprised of some 2500 species of cosmopolitan plants, especially native to the American continent. They have great value as food, like the well-known potato, tomato and eggplants, and medicines, like species of Atropa, Withania and Physalis, but many plants of this family are toxic, and sometimes lethal to mammals, in particular to man. Some of them also produce hallucinations and perceptual changes. The toxic species of this family are characterized by the occurrence of a variety of chemical compounds, some of which are responsible for the toxicity and lethality observed after ingestion, while others are suspected to be toxic. In this review, the following toxic compounds belonging to different members of the Solanaceae family are described: Tropane alkaloids (Atropa, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Mandragora); pyrrolidine and pyrrolic alkaloids (Nierembergia, Physalis, Solanum); protoalkaloids (Nierembergia); glycoalkaloids (Lycopersicon, Solanum); nicotine (Nicotiana); cardenolides (Cestrum, Nierembergia); capsaicinoids (Capsicum); kaurene-type tetracyclic diterpenes (Cestrum); steroidal glycosides (Cestrum, Solanum); 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and vitamin D 3 (Cestrum, Solanum, Nierembergia); and withasteroids, withanolides (Withania), and physalins (Physalis). Other bioactive chemical constituents of members of this family are sugar esters and lectins. Phenylpropanoids are not included in this paper.

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Steroidal Alkaloids in Solanaceous Vegetable Crops

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Food Glycoalkaloids: Distribution, Structure, Cytotoxicity, Extraction, and Biological Activity

Food Glycoalkaloids: Distribution, Structure, Cytotoxicity, Extraction, and Biological Activity

Chemical Ecology of the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and Potential for Alternative Control Methods

Toxic Chemical Compounds of the Solanaceae

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